The present invention is generally directed to the synthesis and use of fluorophores. It is more specifically directed to the synthesis and use of deuterated fluorophores. In one case, the present invention provides a compound of the structure shown in FIG. 44.

An article that includes a fluorescent composition having at least one of a fluorescent sensor compound and organic reporter molecules encapsulated in a microsphere structure. When encapsulated, the fluorescent sensor compound and the organic reporter molecules are distributed in a liquid organic matrix. When non-encapsulated, the remaining one of the fluorescent sensor compound and the organic reporter molecules reside in the matrix. In response to a force applied to the composition sufficient to break at least a portion of the microsphere structure, the fluorescent sensor compound and the organic reporter molecules are transformed into a non-reversible fluorescent state exhibiting a quantum yield greater than 0.2. The fluorescent state is objectively visually verifiable without physically contacting the composition.

The presence of mild electrophiles, such as aldehydes, during the denaturation of glycoproteins or glycopeptides and subsequent enzymatic deglycosylation reduces artifacts in subsequent analyses of the glycans released from the glycoproteins or glycopeptides.

The presence of mild electrophiles, such as aldehydes, during the denaturation of glycoproteins or glycopeptides and subsequent enzymatic deglycosylation reduces artifacts in subsequent analyses of the glycans released from the glycoproteins or glycopeptides.

The present disclosure relates to a fluorogenic pH-sensitive dye and a film for detecting pH using the fluorogenic pH-sensitive dye on a polymer film. The fluorogenic pH-sensitive dye includes an aryl compound having a sulfonyl group (—SO.sub.2) and an agarose compound covalently bonded to the sulfonyl group (—SO.sub.2) of the aryl compound.

The present disclosure relates to a fluorogenic pH-sensitive dye and a film for detecting pH using the fluorogenic pH-sensitive dye on a polymer film. The fluorogenic pH-sensitive dye includes an aryl compound having a sulfonyl group (—SO.sub.2) and an agarose compound covalently bonded to the sulfonyl group (—SO.sub.2) of the aryl compound.

Provided are compounds comprising two DNA supramolecular binding molecules covalently joined by a linker group. Also provided are multisignal labeling reagents comprising (i) an oligomer of nucleotides or nucleotide analogs; (ii) a DNA supramolecular binding molecule noncovalently bound to the oligomer; and (iii) a first reactive group or a first partner of a first binding pair covalently bound to the oligomer. Additionally provided are methods of producing multisignal labeling reagents.

Provided are compounds comprising two DNA supramolecular binding molecules covalently joined by a linker group. Also provided are multisignal labeling reagents comprising (i) an oligomer of nucleotides or nucleotide analogs; (ii) a DNA supramolecular binding molecule noncovalently bound to the oligomer; and (iii) a first reactive group or a first partner of a first binding pair covalently bound to the oligomer. Additionally provided are methods of producing multisignal labeling reagents.

The present application relates to new coumarin compounds and their uses as fluorescent labels. The compounds may be used as fluorescent labels for nucleotides in nucleic acid sequencing applications.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to cyclooctatetraene containing dyes and their uses as fluorescent labels. Also provided are composition containing cyclooctatetraene. The dyes and compositions may be used in various biological applications, such as nucleic acid sequencing.