An electrolytic dye reduction method comprises preparing a catholyte by dispersing a dye in a leucodye comprising electrolyte. In a preferred method the leucodye like leucoindigo is the sole dispersing aid.

An intrinsic fluorescent green fiber includes 98.00 to 99.00 parts by weight of a carrier, 0.10 to 0.20 parts by weight of a yellow colorant, 0.08 to 0.20 parts by weight of a blue colorant, and 1.00 to 1.50 parts by weight of a titanium dioxide. When a content of 0.10 wt % to 0.20 wt % of the yellow colorant and a balance of the carrier are mixed to form a yellow fiber, the L*, a*, and b* values of the yellow fiber are respectively between 101.27 and 101.72, between −17.61 and −13.47, and between 89.84 and 108.79. When a content of 0.08 wt % to 0.20 wt % of the blue colorant and a balance of the carrier are mixed to form a blue fiber, the L*, a*, and b* values of the blue fiber are respectively between 55.60 and 66.80, between −22.69 and −22.70, and between −37.50 and −31.80.

A capsule comprising a capsule wall and an electrophoretic fluid encapsulated by the capsule wall. The capsule wall comprises a cross-linked nonionic, water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer. The electrophoretic fluid comprises a suspending fluid, first pigment particles, second pigment particles, and third pigment particles. In some embodiments, the electrophoretic fluid includes a fourth electrophoretic particle. The first, second, and third particles are electrically charged, suspended in the suspending fluid, and capable of moving through the suspending fluid upon application of an electric field to the capsule.

Provided is a near-infrared ray absorbing composition containing at least a near-infrared absorber, a metal compound, and a solvent, wherein the near-infrared absorber contains a metal ion, and the metal compound is a compound having a structure represented by the following Formula (I), Formula (II), or Formula (III),
M(OR.sub.1).sub.n  Formula (I):
M.sup.n+(O═R.sub.2—O.sup.−).sub.n  Formula (II):
(OR.sub.3).sub.n-mM.sup.n+(.sup.−OCOR.sub.4).sub.m,  Formula (III): in the above Formulas (I), (II), and (III), M represents at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconia, and aluminum; when M represents titanium or zirconia, n=4, m=1, 2, 3, or 4; when M represents aluminum, n=3, m=1, 2, or 3; R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 may further have a substituent.

There is a compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR00001##
in which R1 and R2, identical or different, represent a C.sub.2-C.sub.30 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.30 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.30 alkynyl group, or a C.sub.2-C.sub.30 alkoxy group, the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or alkoxy groups being optionally substituted with at least one hydroxy, halogen, amino, C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl, or C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkoxy group, as a temperature change regulating agent in a thermochromic ink composition. There also are thermochromic pigment microcapsules having a compound of formula (I) according to the disclosure, to ink compositions having such thermochromic pigment microcapsules, and to writing instruments comprising such ink compositions.

Provided is a coloring composition containing a colorant, a resin, a polymerizable compound, a photopolymerization initiator, an ultraviolet absorber, and a solvent, in which the colorant contains an unsubstituted copper phthalocyanine pigment and a halogenated copper phthalocyanine pigment, a content of the unsubstituted copper phthalocyanine pigment in a total mass of the colorant is 10% by mass or more, and a content of the halogenated copper phthalocyanine pigment in the total mass of the colorant is 40% by mass or more.

Provided are an optical member and an optical display device including same, the optical member comprising: a base film; and a light transmission control layer stacked on the lower surface of the base film, wherein the light transmission control layer comprises: a dye or dye mixture including at least one of a first dye having a maximum absorption wavelength of about 540 nm to about 630 nm, a second dye having a maximum absorption wavelength of about 390 nm to about 470 nm, a third dye having a maximum absorption wavelength of about 480 nm to about 530 nm, and a fourth dye having a maximum absorption wavelength of about 640 nm to about 760 nm; and a resin having a hydroxyl value of 5 mgKOH/g or less.

A near-infrared absorbing composition includes: an organic dye; and a metal compound. The organic dye includes: at least one of a squarylium dye (A) or a cyanine dye (B) each having an absorption maximum in a range of 680 to 740 nm; and a cyanine dye (C) having an absorption maximum at 760 nm or higher. The metal compound includes at least a phosphonic acid and a copper ion, or a copper phosphonate complex formed from a phosphonic acid and a copper ion.

The present invention relates to a perylene bisimide compound of formula (I) ##STR00001##
or a mixture thereof. The present invention also relates to the use of the compound in color converters, to the color converters and their use, and to lighting devices containing at least one LED and at least one of the color converters. The present invention also relates to a printing ink formulation for security printing containing at least one of the phenoxy-substituted perylene bisimide compounds.

The disclosure relates to a dye composition comprising a combination of natural dyeing agents including an extract of Lawsonia inermis. The disclosure also relates to the cosmetic use of said composition for dyeing keratin fibers. The disclosure also relates to a cosmetic method for dyeing keratin fibers comprising the application of such a composition.