An aqueous ink jet ink composition includes a natural-derived carbide, a dispersant, and a water-soluble organic solvent, the carbide is a carbide obtained by performing a complex separation treatment and an acid dissolution treatment on an untreated carbide, the complex separation treatment is a treatment to remove a complex obtained by mixing the untreated carbide and a chelating agent, and the acid dissolution treatment is a treatment to remove a water-soluble salt obtained by mixing the untreated carbide and an acid.

The present invention involves an improved process for the preparation of Indocyanine green of Formula (I) having high purity of about 99%, wherein the process comprises steps of reacting 1,1,2-trimethyl-1H-benzo[e]indole with 1,4-butane sulfone in boiling solvent to give 4-(1,1,2-trimethyl-1H-benzo[e]indolium-3-yl)butane-1-sulfonate. Followed by reacting 4-(1,1,2-trimethyl-1H-benzo[e]indolium-3-yl)butane-1-sulfonate of Formula (IV) and N-phenyl-N-((1E,3E,5E)-5-(phenylimino)penta-1,3-dienyl)acetamide of formula (V) in presence of sodium acetate and alcohol; and extracting the title compound formula (I) with an ester solvent.

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The present invention relates to an improved process for preparation of Indigo carmine of Formula (I), in high purity, more than 99.5%.

A purification process of anthocyanins and anthocyanidins which allows purity increases of at least 3.5 times the initial purity of the extract with yields greater than 50% of recovery, having the following steps: a) contacting the anthocyanin- and anthocyanidin-containing extract with a non-ionic adsorption resin to retain the anthocyanins and anthocyanidins; and b) eluting the resin using water acidified with a monocarboxylic acid at a concentration in the range of 0.01 to 1 M at a temperature between 35 to 100? C., which avoids the use of organic solvents and only uses compounds suitable for human consumption.

Described herein are photonic crystals comprising a plurality of substantially uniform zein particles. The photonic crystals can be fabricated by assembling the plurality of substantially uniform zein particles into one or more ordered and periodic structures that generate structural color. Also described herein are methods of using the photonic crystals described herein, e.g., as colorants in consumer products, such as food, drugs and/or cosmetics.

Disclosed are methods of synthesis and/or purification of certain 3,7-diamino-phenothiazin-5-ium compounds (diaminophenothiazinium compounds) including Methylthioninium Chloride (MTC) (Methylene Blue), and the resulting high purity characterized by a purity greater than 98%, and very low levels of heavy metals and organic impurities Azure A, B, C and MVB. Also disclosed are methods of treatment of a tauopathy or methemoglobinemia in a patient in need thereof, comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of the high-purity diaminophenothiazinium compound.

The present invention is directed to a biocompatible and biodegradable natural disperse dye for dyeing polyester fabrics which is dispersed in water and derived from green plants. The disperse dye contains as the active dye compound an acid bewchlorophyllin derivative such as acid form Mg-chlorophyllin or acid form Cu-chlorophyllin. The disperse dye of the present invention can be used for the dyeing of polyester fabrics by traditional methods in concentrations ranging from 0.01% to 20% on weight of fibers (OWF), thus providing a dyed fabric with good color strength and good fastness to light, washing and rubbing, under conditions of dye exhaustion of greater than 90%.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing organic pigment microparticles which can surely suppress growth and/or aggregation of particles. The present invention provides a method of producing organic pigment microparticles, comprising the following steps: Step 1 of precipitating organic pigment microparticles by mixing an organic pigment raw material liquid in which an organic pigment raw material is mixed with a solvent, and a precipitation solvent for precipitating the organic pigment microparticles from the organic pigment raw material liquid in a thin film fluid formed by introducing the organic pigment raw material liquid and the precipitation solvent in the space between at least two processing surfaces which are disposed so as to face each other, being capable of approaching to and separating from each other, at least one of which rotates relatively to the other; and Step 2 of coating at least a part of the organic pigment microparticles with an oxide coating; wherein the oxide coating is optically colorless and transparent, and Step 1 and Step 2 are performed out continuously in the thin film fluid, or Step 2 is completed at a predetermined time after Step 1 until the organic pigment microparticles grow and/or aggregate.

A method of solubilizing a composition, such as an organic manufactured photochromic dye that is free of carcinogens, non-mutagenic, non-toxic to human skin in any concentration, and suitable for application to, and absorbable by, human skin. The photochromic dye is suitable to be applied directly to human skin, and which dye is configured to indicate exposure to UV rays. The composition is configured to change color upon exposure to UVA, UVB and/or UVC rays. The composition can be used with other compositions, such as sunscreen, and be applied to human skin prior to application of the sunscreen, or, formulated with the sunscreen such that when the active ingredients of the sunscreen diminish, the photochromic dye will change color to generate a visual indicator of this condition.

The present invention relates to a process for purifying the xanthophylls astaxanthin and canthaxanthin. The process comprises suspending the xanthophyll in an organic solvent or solvent mixture, treating the suspension of the xanthophyll in the organic solvent or solvent mixture at elevated temperature, and subsequent separation off of the xanthophyll from the solvent by a solid-liquid separation, wherein the organic solvent is selected from ketones of the general formula (I) and mixtures of ketones of the general formula (I) ##STR00001##
where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl and R.sup.2 is selected from C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, phenyl and benzyl, wherein the phenyl rings in the two last-mentioned radicals are unsubstituted or can have 1 or 2 methyl groups, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are linear C.sub.4-C.sub.6 alkylene, which can bear 1, 2 or 3 methyl groups as substituents.