The present invention is a composition comprising an aqueous dispersion of metal oxide pigment particles coated with an organosilane polymer comprising structural units of an alkyltrihydroxysilane or a salt thereof, a dialkyldihydroxysilane or a salt thereof, and an ancillary alkylsilane triol. The composition of the present invention provides hydrophobicity to pigment particles, thereby imparting water resistance, and allows for high loadings of pigment in water without increased viscosity. The dispersion is further useful for providing stain and corrosion resistance in coatings arising from paints.

A silicon material can include a silicon aggregate comprising a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles welded together. The silicon aggregate can optionally have a polyhedral morphology. A method can include: receiving a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles and cold welding the plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles into an aggregated silicon particle.

A silicon material can include a silicon aggregate comprising a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles welded together. The silicon aggregate can optionally have a polyhedral morphology. A method can include: receiving a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles and cold welding the plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles into an aggregated silicon particle.

The present invention provides a new glitter pigment suitable for providing high-brightness whitish reflected light. The glitter pigment according to the present invention includes: a flaky substrate 1; and a silicon oxide layer 2 and a titanium oxide layer 3 formed in this order on the flaky substrate 1, wherein in the case where the flaky substrate is the glass flake, the glass flake has a thickness of 284 to 322 nm, the silicon oxide layer has a thickness of 89 to 109 nm, and the titanium oxide layer has a thickness of 51 to 86 nm. In the case where the flaky substrate is the alumina flake, the alumina flake has a thickness of 260 to 280 nm, the silicon oxide layer has a thickness of 79 to 102 nm, and the titanium oxide layer has a thickness of 47 to 87 nm.

The present invention provides a new glitter pigment suitable for providing high-brightness whitish reflected light. The glitter pigment according to the present invention includes: a flaky substrate 1; and a silicon oxide layer 2 and a titanium oxide layer 3 formed in this order on the flaky substrate 1, wherein in the case where the flaky substrate is the glass flake, the glass flake has a thickness of 284 to 322 nm, the silicon oxide layer has a thickness of 89 to 109 nm, and the titanium oxide layer has a thickness of 51 to 86 nm. In the case where the flaky substrate is the alumina flake, the alumina flake has a thickness of 260 to 280 nm, the silicon oxide layer has a thickness of 79 to 102 nm, and the titanium oxide layer has a thickness of 47 to 87 nm.

There is provided a silicon carbide powder having a small mean particle diameter and a narrow particle diameter distribution width. A silicon carbide powder is a powder of silicon carbide (SiC) having an α-type crystal form and has a mean particle diameter of 300 nm or less. In the silicon carbide powder, a ratio D90/D10 between a particle diameter D10 and a particle diameter D90 is 4 or less, the particle diameter D10 being a particle diameter at which the cumulative particle volume from the small particle diameter side in a volume-based cumulative particle diameter distribution reaches 10% of the total particle volume and the particle diameter D90 being a particle diameter at which the cumulative particle volume from the small particle diameter side in the volume-based cumulative particle diameter distribution reaches 90% of the total particle volume.

There is provided a silicon carbide powder having a small mean particle diameter and a narrow particle diameter distribution width. A silicon carbide powder is a powder of silicon carbide (SiC) having an α-type crystal form and has a mean particle diameter of 300 nm or less. In the silicon carbide powder, a ratio D90/D10 between a particle diameter D10 and a particle diameter D90 is 4 or less, the particle diameter D10 being a particle diameter at which the cumulative particle volume from the small particle diameter side in a volume-based cumulative particle diameter distribution reaches 10% of the total particle volume and the particle diameter D90 being a particle diameter at which the cumulative particle volume from the small particle diameter side in the volume-based cumulative particle diameter distribution reaches 90% of the total particle volume.

A liquid composition that can provide a film having excellent antifogging performance and weather resistance. The liquid composition contains nanocomposite particles. The nanocomposite particles contain metal particles and a perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid resin or a sulfonic acid salt resin thereof. The perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid resin has an equivalent weight of 550 to 800. The nanocomposite particles have an average particle size of 15 to 100 nm.

A liquid composition that can provide a film having excellent antifogging performance and weather resistance. The liquid composition contains nanocomposite particles. The nanocomposite particles contain metal particles and a perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid resin or a sulfonic acid salt resin thereof. The perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid resin has an equivalent weight of 550 to 800. The nanocomposite particles have an average particle size of 15 to 100 nm.

This invention provides a method for creating a large-scale of amphiphilic particles. The method includes: adding nanoparticles into a polycarbonate-based solution, adding a surfactant into the solution while performing ultra-sonication to generate polymer precipitation, creating at least one microsphere with the nanoparticles embedded onto it, subjecting the exposed hemisphere of the embedded nanoparticles to a further amphiphilic particles related modification, and dissolving the at least one microsphere in a polycarbonate-based solution in order to free said embedded nanoparticles from the at least one microsphere.