A method of making a nano-reinforcement filler material for an epoxy resin system for a composite structure is provided. The method includes forming a polymer suspension of polymer nanoparticles suspended in deionized (DI) water, and sonicating the polymer suspension. The method includes forming a graphene oxide (GO) suspension of GO sheets suspended in DI water, and sonicating the GO suspension. The method includes mixing the sonicated polymer suspension and the sonicated GO suspension to obtain a sonicated mixture. The method includes heating the sonicated mixture in an inert atmosphere at an effective temperature, and using an electrostatic process to uniformly wrap individual polymer nanoparticles with individual GO sheets, via an electrostatic interaction reaction, to obtain the nano-reinforcement filler material comprising polymer-GO core-shell nanoparticles. The method includes washing and drying the nano-reinforcement filler material, and using it in the epoxy resin system for the composite structure.

A method of making a nano-reinforcement filler material for an epoxy resin system for a composite structure is provided. The method includes forming a polymer suspension of polymer nanoparticles suspended in deionized (DI) water, and sonicating the polymer suspension. The method includes forming a graphene oxide (GO) suspension of GO sheets suspended in DI water, and sonicating the GO suspension. The method includes mixing the sonicated polymer suspension and the sonicated GO suspension to obtain a sonicated mixture. The method includes heating the sonicated mixture in an inert atmosphere at an effective temperature, and using an electrostatic process to uniformly wrap individual polymer nanoparticles with individual GO sheets, via an electrostatic interaction reaction, to obtain the nano-reinforcement filler material comprising polymer-GO core-shell nanoparticles. The method includes washing and drying the nano-reinforcement filler material, and using it in the epoxy resin system for the composite structure.

The present invention provides carbon quantum dots, preparation method and uses thereof. The preparation method of the carbon quantum dots comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a dispersion of carbon based material; (2) mixing a solution of halogenated quinone with the dispersion of carbon based material and preparing a dispersion of carbon based-halogenated quinone composite material by halogenated quinone grafting method; (3) adding a solution of H.sub.2O.sub.2 to the dispersion of carbon based-halogenated quinone composite material and carrying out reaction thereof, obtaining reaction products; (4) carrying out solid-liquid separation to the reaction products, with the resulting filtrate continuing to react, thus obtaining a dispersion of carbon quantum dots. This method adopts metal-free catalytic oxidation, the process of which is safe, convenient and low-cost, and is performed under a mild reaction condition without adding additional substances which are difficult to be separated. The obtained quantum dots have a good dispersibility and can be easily separated, also can achieve pollution treatment using pollutants. In addition, the prepared carbon quantum dots have a broad application prospect in the fields of organic pollutant degradation, electrochemical sensors, super capacitors, luminescent materials and photoelectric devices, etc.

The present invention provides carbon quantum dots, preparation method and uses thereof. The preparation method of the carbon quantum dots comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a dispersion of carbon based material; (2) mixing a solution of halogenated quinone with the dispersion of carbon based material and preparing a dispersion of carbon based-halogenated quinone composite material by halogenated quinone grafting method; (3) adding a solution of H.sub.2O.sub.2 to the dispersion of carbon based-halogenated quinone composite material and carrying out reaction thereof, obtaining reaction products; (4) carrying out solid-liquid separation to the reaction products, with the resulting filtrate continuing to react, thus obtaining a dispersion of carbon quantum dots. This method adopts metal-free catalytic oxidation, the process of which is safe, convenient and low-cost, and is performed under a mild reaction condition without adding additional substances which are difficult to be separated. The obtained quantum dots have a good dispersibility and can be easily separated, also can achieve pollution treatment using pollutants. In addition, the prepared carbon quantum dots have a broad application prospect in the fields of organic pollutant degradation, electrochemical sensors, super capacitors, luminescent materials and photoelectric devices, etc.

Bio-based materials, e.g., epoxide starting material, a beta-lactone starting material and/or a beta-hydroxy amide starting material, may be used as feedstocks in processes for making and using acrylonitrile and acrylonitrile derivatives to produce, among other products, carbon fibers and carbon black.

A particle is provided that includes a first material and a second material, arranged to provide a Fano resonance effect, for example in the visible portion of electromagnetic spectrum. The first and second materials may be substantially clear in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The first material may include an inorganic material, such as SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, HfO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, diamond, or a combination thereof. The second material may include a polymer. The first material has a first refractive index and the second material has a second refractive index, where the first refractive index and second refractive index have a difference of 0.5 or greater, and 1.0 or less. The first material may form a core and the second material may form a shell surrounding the core. Alternatively, the first and second materials may form a Janus particle, an asymmetric dimer, or an aggregate.

Present disclosure aims at providing a water-repellent material using waste rice husks, a method for producing the water-repellent material, a method for producing water-repellent paint containing the water-repellent material, a method for producing water-repellent concrete containing the water-repellent material, a method for preventing generation of mold using the water-repellent material, and a method for preventing rusting using the water-repellent material. The present disclosure provides, a method for producing a water-repellent material, and others, including: mixing burned rice husks and silicone oil; and burning a mixture of the rice husks with silicon oil to obtain a water-repellent burned product.

Present disclosure aims at providing a water-repellent material using waste rice husks, a method for producing the water-repellent material, a method for producing water-repellent paint containing the water-repellent material, a method for producing water-repellent concrete containing the water-repellent material, a method for preventing generation of mold using the water-repellent material, and a method for preventing rusting using the water-repellent material. The present disclosure provides, a method for producing a water-repellent material, and others, including: mixing burned rice husks and silicone oil; and burning a mixture of the rice husks with silicon oil to obtain a water-repellent burned product.

Provided are a composite material capable of further enhancing property derived from carbon nanotubes adhered to carbon fibers, a prepreg, a carbon-fiber-reinforced molded article, and a method for manufacturing a composite material. There is provided a composite material including: carbon fibers; and a structure which includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes and has a network structure in which the carbon nanotubes are in direct contact with each other, and in which the carbon nanotubes adhered to surfaces of the carbon fibers directly adhere to the surfaces of the carbon fibers. The carbon nanotubes have a bent shape having a bent portion.

Provided are a composite material capable of further enhancing property derived from carbon nanotubes adhered to carbon fibers, a prepreg, a carbon-fiber-reinforced molded article, and a method for manufacturing a composite material. There is provided a composite material including: carbon fibers; and a structure which includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes and has a network structure in which the carbon nanotubes are in direct contact with each other, and in which the carbon nanotubes adhered to surfaces of the carbon fibers directly adhere to the surfaces of the carbon fibers. The carbon nanotubes have a bent shape having a bent portion.