A process for treatment of nanoparticles of mineral filler for obtaining processed nanoparticles for use in polymerization in the presence of nanoparticles which includes the steps of (a) drying a mineral filler with an inert gas to remove catalyst poisons; (b) mixing the mineral filler dried obtained in step (a) with a swelling agent in a liquid state or near a critical state or in the supercritical state; (c) subjecting the swelling agent of the mixture obtained in step (b) to an endoenthalpic or isoentalphic phase change by altering the conditions of the temperature and/or pressure; (d) subjecting the nanoparticles of the mixture obtained in step (c) to contact of scavenging agent to react with catalyst poisons; then the mixture obtained in step (d) can be dried in a step (e) with an inert gas to remove sub-products from scavenging agent and catalyst poisons to obtain the treated nanoparticles.

A process for treatment of nanoparticles of mineral filler for obtaining processed nanoparticles for use in polymerization in the presence of nanoparticles which includes the steps of (a) drying a mineral filler with an inert gas to remove catalyst poisons; (b) mixing the mineral filler dried obtained in step (a) with a swelling agent in a liquid state or near a critical state or in the supercritical state; (c) subjecting the swelling agent of the mixture obtained in step (b) to an endoenthalpic or isoentalphic phase change by altering the conditions of the temperature and/or pressure; (d) subjecting the nanoparticles of the mixture obtained in step (c) to contact of scavenging agent to react with catalyst poisons; then the mixture obtained in step (d) can be dried in a step (e) with an inert gas to remove sub-products from scavenging agent and catalyst poisons to obtain the treated nanoparticles.

A sorbent composition for pelletized carbon products having high strength and water resistance is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of producing and using sorbent compositions of pelletized carbon products having higher strength and water resistance. Other embodiments include a system and method for removing contaminants from a process gas stream.

A method for preparing modified graphene and a method for preparing a slurry containing the modified graphene are disclosed. The method for preparing a modified graphene comprises: putting a flake graphite powder, a silicon molecular modifier, water and a boric acid solution into a high pressure container, filling a liquid gas into the high pressure container, connecting the high pressure container to a solid gas preparation apparatus, to solidify the liquid qas and obtain a solid gas, putting the solid gas into a ultraviolet washing machine for ultraviolet high-energy radiation, exfoliating the graphene flake, continuously exposing to ultraviolet light for a period of time to form a modified graphene, continuously exposing the modified graphene under the ultraviolet light, and storing the modified graphene in vacuum as an intermediate.

A process for making carbon black is described by pyrolizing unsulfonated lignin or by pyrolizing aromatic monomers formed by hydrolyzing a biomass comprising unsulfonated lignin.

This disclosure enables the generation and patterning of color centers with nanometer-scale spatial control in a variety of materials in repeatable fashion and without the use of radiation. Embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure employ a layer of vacancy-injection material disposed on a host-material, where the vacancy-injection material forms a compound with host-material atoms at elevated temperatures. During compound formation, lattice vacancies are generated in the host material and diffuse within the substrate lattice to bond with impurity atoms, thereby forming color centers. High-resolution lithographic patterning of the vacancy-injection film and the short diffusion lengths of the lattice vacancies enables nanometer-level spatial control over the lateral positions of the color centers. Furthermore, the depth of the color centers in the substrate can be controlled by controlling the coating material, thickness, anneal time, and anneal temperature.

This disclosure enables the generation and patterning of color centers with nanometer-scale spatial control in a variety of materials in repeatable fashion and without the use of radiation. Embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure employ a layer of vacancy-injection material disposed on a host-material, where the vacancy-injection material forms a compound with host-material atoms at elevated temperatures. During compound formation, lattice vacancies are generated in the host material and diffuse within the substrate lattice to bond with impurity atoms, thereby forming color centers. High-resolution lithographic patterning of the vacancy-injection film and the short diffusion lengths of the lattice vacancies enables nanometer-level spatial control over the lateral positions of the color centers. Furthermore, the depth of the color centers in the substrate can be controlled by controlling the coating material, thickness, anneal time, and anneal temperature.

The present invention is to provide a surface-modified nanodiamond having excellent affinity for an organic solvent and a resin and having high dispersibility in an organic solvent and in a resin. The surface-modified nanodiamond according to an embodiment of the present invention has a structure in which a surface of a nanodiamond particle is modified by a group represented by Formula (1) below. In Formula (1), R.sup.1 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 6 or more carbons. R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may be the same or different and are each a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 3 carbons, or a group represented by Formula (2) below. ##STR00001##

Provided are a nanocomposite body, a method of manufacturing the nanocomposite body, and a nanocomposite film including the nanocomposite body. The nanocomposite body includes: inorganic particles; a polymer matrix; and grafting polymer chains each of which includes a polyol structure, wherein the inorganic particles and the polymer matrix are linked by the grafting polymer chains.

Provided are a nanocomposite body, a method of manufacturing the nanocomposite body, and a nanocomposite film including the nanocomposite body. The nanocomposite body includes: inorganic particles; a polymer matrix; and grafting polymer chains each of which includes a polyol structure, wherein the inorganic particles and the polymer matrix are linked by the grafting polymer chains.