An oxidized zinc pigment has been developed that can be used in a waterborne coating. The zinc metal allows for improved stability in waterborne systems while retaining the level of activity required for an anticorrosive material. This pigment is oxidized enough to prevent corrosion and still be dispersed in the waterborne coating, while still allowing for cathodic and anodic corrosion protection in the coating once applied to a metal surface. This zinc pigment may also be used in a waterborne ink or coating system and also for coated metal articles.

An oxidized zinc pigment has been developed that can be used in a waterborne coating. The zinc metal allows for improved stability in waterborne systems while retaining the level of activity required for an anticorrosive material. This pigment is oxidized enough to prevent corrosion and still be dispersed in the waterborne coating, while still allowing for cathodic and anodic corrosion protection in the coating once applied to a metal surface. This zinc pigment may also be used in a waterborne ink or coating system and also for coated metal articles.

A coloring composition is a coloring composition including a black colorant, a polymerizable compound, and a photopolymerization initiator, in which the photopolymerization initiator includes a photopolymerization initiator a in which a light absorption coefficient at 365 nm in methanol is more than 1.0×10.sup.2 mL/gcm and a photopolymerization initiator b in which a light absorption coefficient at 365 nm in methanol is 1.0×10.sup.2 mL/gcm or less and a light absorption coefficient at 254 nm is 1.0×10.sup.3 mL/gcm or more, a content of the photopolymerization initiator b is 45.0 to 200.0 parts by mass with respect to 100.0 parts by mass of a content of the photopolymerization initiator a, and a ratio of a maximum absorbance to a minimum absorbance of a coloring cured film obtained by curing the coloring composition at a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm is 1.0 to 2.5.

A coloring composition is a coloring composition including a black colorant, a polymerizable compound, and a photopolymerization initiator, in which the photopolymerization initiator includes a photopolymerization initiator a in which a light absorption coefficient at 365 nm in methanol is more than 1.0×10.sup.2 mL/gcm and a photopolymerization initiator b in which a light absorption coefficient at 365 nm in methanol is 1.0×10.sup.2 mL/gcm or less and a light absorption coefficient at 254 nm is 1.0×10.sup.3 mL/gcm or more, a content of the photopolymerization initiator b is 45.0 to 200.0 parts by mass with respect to 100.0 parts by mass of a content of the photopolymerization initiator a, and a ratio of a maximum absorbance to a minimum absorbance of a coloring cured film obtained by curing the coloring composition at a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm is 1.0 to 2.5.

A silicon material can include a silicon aggregate comprising a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles welded together. The silicon aggregate can optionally have a polyhedral morphology. A method can include: receiving a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles and cold welding the plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles into an aggregated silicon particle.

Provided are scaly composite particles, including an indium layer, and a transparent inorganic layer on at least one surface of the indium layer. The transparent inorganic layer is an inorganic oxide, and has an average thickness of less than 25 nm. The scaly composite particles have a cumulative 50% volume-based particle diameter D.sub.50 of 1 μm or greater but 20 μm or less.

Vanadium oxide nanomaterials dispersed in a polymeric matrix, substrates including the vanadium oxide nanomaterials dispersed in a polymeric matrix, and related methods of making vanadium oxide nanomaterials dispersed in a polymeric matrix are described.

Provided is a charge-adjustment powder having an excellent ability to regulate a charging property on a surface of a target to be charge-adjusted within a certain range, and to maintain the applied charge. The charge-adjustment powder is formed with particles having titanium-niobium oxide on at least a part of a surface of a core, and the content of an alkali metal is set to be 20.0 mmol/kg or less based on the whole.

A reflective particulate material comprises a particulate substrate, and a coating on the particulate substrate. The coated reflective particulate material may have a relative error of an amount of the coating on the particulate substrate of about 5% to about 15%, and/or a dust index of about 5 or lower, and/or a staining loss of about 8% to about 11%. A method of manufacturing the reflective particulate material comprises mixing the particulate substrate with a liquid coating composition to form a wet particulate mixture, passing the wet particulate mixture through at least one heat zone to remove water and/or moisture, and curing the coating material in the coating composition.

Provided is a method for producing a zirconia-coated titanium oxide fine particle dispersion which includes (1) a step of preparing a dispersion (1) of titanium oxide fine particles, (2) a step of adding, to the dispersion (1), 1 to 50 parts by mass of an aqueous peroxozirconic acid solution in terms of the mass of ZrO.sub.2 per 100 parts by mass of the titanium oxide fine particles, and then aging reaction fine particles (2a) obtained as a result of a reaction between the titanium oxide fine particles and the peroxozirconic acid to thereby obtain a dispersion (2) of a zirconia-coated titanium oxide fine particle precursor (2b), and (3) a step of adjusting the dispersion (2) to have a solid concentration of 0.01 to 10 mass % and then hydrothermally treating the resulting dispersion (2).