Embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to a sensor that includes a transduction agent, a plurality of analyte binding agents immobilized on the transduction agent, and a coating agent that forms a coating around at least some of the analyte binding agents. Further embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to methods of detecting one or more analytes in a sample by associating the sample with a sensor of the present disclosure; detecting a signal from the sensor; and correlating the signal to the presence or absence of the one or more analytes in the sample. Additional embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to methods of making the sensors of the present disclosure by immobilizing a plurality of analyte binding agents on a transduction agent; and coating at least some of the analyte binding agents with a coating agent to form a sensor.

The present invention provides liquid crystal (LC)-infused materials and methods for detecting compounds or impurities in liquid samples using such materials. These slippery materials comprise a lubricating liquid, preferably a thermotropic liquid crystal, and a solid substrate able to immobilize or host the lubricating liquid. The portion of the substrate coated by the lubricating fluid forms a slippery surface able to allow droplets of various materials to slide off the slippery surface in a manner dependent on the chemical composition of the droplet, which can be used to detect the presence of analytes, impurities and other molecules within the droplet.

The present invention provides liquid crystal (LC)-infused materials and methods for detecting compounds or impurities in liquid samples using such materials. These slippery materials comprise a lubricating liquid, preferably a thermotropic liquid crystal, and a solid substrate able to immobilize or host the lubricating liquid. The portion of the substrate coated by the lubricating fluid forms a slippery surface able to allow droplets of various materials to slide off the slippery surface in a manner dependent on the chemical composition of the droplet, which can be used to detect the presence of analytes, impurities and other molecules within the droplet.

A polypyrrole-graphene/polyurethane antifouling coating as well as a preparation method and an application thereof are provided. The polypyrrole-graphene/polyurethane antifouling coating includes component A and component B, wherein the component A mainly includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 500 parts of group-hydrolyzable polyurethane prepolymer, 25-50 parts of bentonite, 25-50 parts of titanium dioxide, 60-120 parts of zinc oxide, 15-30 parts of talcum powder, and 15-30 parts of polypyrrole-graphene nanofiller; and the component B mainly includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of leveling agent, 5-7 parts of defoamer, 6-15 parts of chain extender, 10-25 parts of silane coupling agent, and 1-2 parts of catalyst. The two-component polyurethane coating of the present invention has relatively good adhesion, collision resistance and cracking resistance, and the antifouling property and the antifouling durability can be improved.

Described herein are fluid complex coacervates that produce solid adhesives in situ. Oppositely charged polyelectrolytes were designed to form fluid adhesive complex coacervates at ionic strengths higher than the ionic strength of the application site, but an insoluble adhesive solid or gel at the application site. When the fluid, high ionic strength adhesive complex coacervates are introduced into the lower ionic strength application site, the fluid complex coacervate is converted to a an adhesive solid or gel as the salt concentration in the complex coacervate equilibrates to the application site salt concentration. In one embodiment, the fluid complex coacervates are designed to solidify in situ at physiological ionic strength and have numerous medical applications. In other aspects, the fluid complex coacervates can be used in aqueous environment for non-medical applications.

Bioactive coatings that are stabilized against inactivation by weathering are provided including a base associated with a chemically modified enzyme, and, optionally a first polyoxyethylene present in the base and independent of the enzyme. The coatings are optionally overlayered onto a substrate to form an active coating facilitating the removal of organic stains or organic material from food, insects, or the environment.

Bioactive coatings that are stabilized against inactivation by weathering are provided including a base associated with a chemically modified enzyme, and, optionally a first polyoxyethylene present in the base and independent of the enzyme. The coatings are optionally overlayered onto a substrate to form an active coating facilitating the removal of organic stains or organic material from food, insects, or the environment.

The invention relates to compositions and methods of treatment employing compositions comprising polyelectrolyte complexes. The compositions include a water-soluble first polyelectrolyte bearing a net cationic charge or capable of developing a net cationic charge and a water-soluble second polyelectrolyte bearing a net anionic charge or capable of developing a net anionic charge. The total polyelectrolyte concentration of the first solution is at least 110 millimolar. The composition is free of coacervates, precipitates, latex particles, synthetic block copolymers, silicone copolymers, cross-linked poly(acrylic) and cross-linked water-soluble polyelectrolyte. The composition may be a concentrate, to be diluted prior to use to treat a surface.

A composition which provides a coating film having excellent foul releasing property is disclosed. The composition comprises, based on the solid contents of the composition: (A) 20 to 80 weight % of a resin which has a polydialkylsiloxane unit and an epoxy resin unit within its structure; (B) 0.1 to 5 weight % of an amino silane; (C) 0.5 to 5 weight % of a hydrophilic additive; and (D) 0.1 to 5 weight % of a catalyst. A coating, e.g. a coating film, formed from the composition generally has an amphiphilic surface. Thus, the composition is suitable for coatings which prevent both hydrophobic and hydrophilic fouling.

A method of fabricating a hydrophobic coating on a surface of a solid substrate which includes a layer-integrable material includes the steps of depositing a deformable layer of the layer-integrable material onto the surface of the solid substrate, forcibly embedding a plurality of particles within the deformable layer, and solidifying the deformable layer including the plurality of particles so as to be integral with the surface of the solid substrate. At least a portion of the plurality of particles is embedded at a threshold depth within the deformable layer prior to solidification.