Improved formulations of electrophoretic media that can be incorporated into displays, front plane laminates, inverted front plane laminates, or color changing films. The formulations include a non-polar fluid, a plurality of first charged particles, and charge control agents (CCA) including a quaternary amine and an unsaturated polymeric tail comprising monomers of at least 10 carbon atoms in length. The formulations show improved switching speeds, as well as a larger dynamic range at low temperatures (i.e., below about 0° C.), where compared to state-of-the-art electrophoretic media.

Quinacridone pigments that are surface-functionalized with glycidyl methacrylate, maleic anhydride, or 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitic anhydride to create a functionalized pigment. The functional groups are then activated to bond hydrophobic polymers, thereby coating the pigment with the hydrophobic polymers. The quinacridone pigments can be used for a variety of applications. They are well-suited for use in electro-optic materials, such as electrophoretic media for use in electrophoretic displays.

A preparation method of a miniature intelligent calcium alginate hydrogel end operator based on different microelectrodes is introduced. The method includes an electrodeposition step of depositing a deposition solution under the action of a non-uniform magnetic field to form an anode surface; a processing step of transferring obtained hydrogel microstructures to a calcium chloride solution, making the hydrogel microstructure self-wind sufficiently; and a pickup step of collecting a self-winding single-layer film alginate microstructure in a culture dish, and placing it in specific environment for preservation. The preparation method can provide a degradable and convenient micro-operator, which could be locally prepared into different function components.

A preparation method of a miniature intelligent calcium alginate hydrogel end operator based on different microelectrodes is introduced. The method includes an electrodeposition step of depositing a deposition solution under the action of a non-uniform magnetic field to form an anode surface; a processing step of transferring obtained hydrogel microstructures to a calcium chloride solution, making the hydrogel microstructure self-wind sufficiently; and a pickup step of collecting a self-winding single-layer film alginate microstructure in a culture dish, and placing it in specific environment for preservation. The preparation method can provide a degradable and convenient micro-operator, which could be locally prepared into different function components.

Aqueous electrocoat compositions having improved throwing power and methods for coating electrically conductive substrates are provided. An exemplary composition includes water, a crosslinkable resin including a binder and a crosslinking agent, and a pigment paste. The exemplary electrocoat composition has a pigment/binder (PB) ratio of less than about 0.15:1.

A radiative cooling substrate and a manufacturing method of the radiative cooling substrate are provided. The radiative cooling substrate includes a metallic substrate and a chitosan layer disposed on the metallic substrate with a thickness of 0.5 μm to 10 μm. The chitosan layer emits radiation within a waveband between 8 μm and 13 μm.

It is an object of the present invention is to provide an electrodeposition coating composition and an electrodeposition coating method that enable the formation of a cured electrodeposition coating film that develops excellent throwing power and exhibits a good appearance. An electrodeposition coating composition of the present invention comprising: at least one compound (A) selected from the group consisting of a zinc compound (A-1) and a bismuth compound (A-2); an aminated resin (B); and a curing agent (C), wherein a milligram equivalent (MEQ (A)) of an acid per 100 g of a resin solid content in the composition is 27 or more; a coulombic efficiency of the composition is 30 mg/C or less; a film resistance of a 15-μm-thick uncured electrodeposition coating film formed using the composition is 400 kΩ.Math.cm.sup.2 or more; and a coating film viscosity of an electrodeposition coating film obtained from the composition is 3000 Pa.Math.s or less at 50° C.

It is an object of the present invention is to provide an electrodeposition coating composition and an electrodeposition coating method that enable the formation of a cured electrodeposition coating film that develops excellent throwing power and exhibits a good appearance. An electrodeposition coating composition of the present invention comprising: at least one compound (A) selected from the group consisting of a zinc compound (A-1) and a bismuth compound (A-2); an aminated resin (B); and a curing agent (C), wherein a milligram equivalent (MEQ (A)) of an acid per 100 g of a resin solid content in the composition is 27 or more; a coulombic efficiency of the composition is 30 mg/C or less; a film resistance of a 15-μm-thick uncured electrodeposition coating film formed using the composition is 400 kΩ.Math.cm.sup.2 or more; and a coating film viscosity of an electrodeposition coating film obtained from the composition is 3000 Pa.Math.s or less at 50° C.

The present invention is directed towards an electrodepositable coating composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of an ionic salt group-containing silicone-based main film-forming polymer comprising functional groups; and a curing agent reactive with the functional groups of the ionic salt group-containing silicone-based main film-forming polymer. Also disclosed are coatings, coated substrates, and methods of coating a substrate.

The present invention is directed towards an electrodepositable coating composition comprising a polyfarnesene polymer and an ionic salt group-containing film-forming polymer. Also disclosed are methods of coating a substrate using the electrodepositable coating composition, coatings derived from the electrodepositable coating composition, and substrates coated with the coatings derived from the electrodepositable coating composition.