Coating material combination consisting of a coating material for forming a surfacer coat and a coating material for forming a topcoat, and use thereof for producing a coating system consisting of a surfacer coat and topcoat on a substrate. The substrate preferably comprises the body or the cabin of a motor vehicle, or a constituent thereof. The coating material combination of the invention is suitable especially for producing coatings consisting of a cured surfacer coat and a cured topcoat on automobiles and commercial vehicles, such as trucks, vans, or buses.

A wetting agent according to Formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 is selected from a branched alkyl group or linear alkyl group or a cycloaliphatic group or an aromatic group, each having 6 to 15 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 is selected from hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl; R.sup.3 is selected from hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl; R.sup.4 is selected from hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl; R.sup.5 is selected from methyl or ethyl; x ranges from 0 to 5; y ranges from 0 to 10; z ranges from 1 to 10; with the proviso that when x ranges from 1 to 5, R.sup.2 is different from R.sup.3; and with the proviso that when x=0, R.sup.3 is different from R.sup.4. The wetting agent also imparts anti-foam properties to aqueous solutions while reducing surface tension.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a multicoat coating (M) on a substrate (S) that comprises the following steps: (I) producing a basecoat (B) on the substrate by applying an aqueous basecoat material (b) to the substrate (S), the basecoat material being a two-component coating composition, and (II) producing a clearcoat (K) directly on the basecoat (B) by applying an aqueous clearcoat material (k) directly to the basecoat (B), the clearcoat material being a two-component coating composition. The present invention also relates to the multicoat coatings produced accordingly and also to their use.

The invention provides dispersed inorganic mixed metal oxide pigment compositions in a non-aqueous media utilizing a dispersant having polyisobutylene succinic anhydride structure to disperse a mixed metal oxide pigment in the media. The metal oxide pigment is of the type used to colour ceramic or glass articles. A milling process using beads is also described to reduce the mixed metal oxide particle size to the desired range. A method of using the mixed metal oxide dispersion to digitally print an image on a ceramic or glass article using the dispersion jetted through a nozzle and subsequently firing the coloured article is also described.

Described is a class of symmetrical and asymmetrical N-alkyl lactam ethers. One preferred ether is bis-N-ethyl pyrrolidone ether. Preferred compositions and uses of the ethers are in performance chemicals, personal care, and pharmaceutical fields, where they function a variety of roles, including as a solvent, solubilizer, freezing point depressor, diluent, extracting agent, cleaning agent, degreaser, absorbent and/or dispersion agent. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a stable aqueous pigment dispersion including: an aqueous medium, pigment particles, and from 0.1% to 15%, by weight based on the weight of pigment, of a certain first water-soluble polymer; and 2) a certain second water-soluble polymer; wherein the dispersant comprises a proportion of the first polymer to the second polymer of from 0.1:1 to 10:1 on a solids basis, and the first polymer and the second polymer are miscible in those proportions; and wherein the dispersant is substantially free of structural units of phosphorus acid monomers and their salts. The invention also relates to a method for forming the stable aqueous dispersion and a dry coating formed from the aqueous dispersion. The stable aqueous dispersion is useful, inter alia, for forming certain composite particles.

The present invention aims to provide a method of producing a fine particulate inorganic oxide dispersion, which makes it possible to easily disperse a fine particulate inorganic oxide while reducing the amount of dispersant used. The present invention relates to a method of producing a fine particulate inorganic oxide dispersion, the method including mixing the following components (A) to (D): (A) at least one fine particulate inorganic oxide selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide (ZrO.sub.2), titanium oxide (TiO.sub.2), and barium titanate (BaTiO.sub.3), (B) a dispersant, (C) an alkoxysilane compound, and (D) a solvent having the following Hansen solubility parameters: a hydrogen bonding component (dH) of 11 or less and a polar component (dP) of 4 or more; and wet grinding the resulting mixture.

A polymer having N-functional imide groups is prepared from reactants that include: (a) an ethylenically unsaturated anhydride or diacid monomer; (b) at least one co-monomer that is different from (a) having an ethylenically unsaturated group that is reactive with (a); and at least one compound reactive with the anhydride or diacid functional groups of (a) that is represented by Chemical Formula I: H.sub.2NR.sup.1. With respect to Chemical Formula I, R.sup.1 is selected from NH.sub.2 or OH. Pigment dispersions and coating compositions are also prepared with the polymers having N-functional imide groups.

A particle dispersion (1) is disclosed that comprises a binder component (2) and a solvent component (3). The binder component (2) is dissolvable within the solvent component (3). The particle dispersion (1) also comprises a carbon based nano particle (4), wherein the carbon based nano particle (4) is uniformly dispersed within the binder (2).

Provided are a near infrared absorbing fine particle dispersion liquid having an absorption ability in a near infrared region, a clear contrast, and applicable to offset printing, and a method for producing the same, an anti-counterfeit ink composition using the near infrared absorbing fine particle dispersion liquid and an anti-counterfeit printed matter using near infrared absorbing fine particles. Also provided are a near infrared absorbing fine particle dispersion liquid containing a solvent of one or more kinds selected from vegetable oils or vegetable oil-derived compounds; near infrared absorbing fine particles in an amount of 2 mass % or more and 25 mass % or less, selected from one or more kinds of hexaboride fine particles expressed by a general formula XB.sub.a (wherein element X is at least one or more kinds selected from a group consisting of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Y, Sm, Eu, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Sr, and Ca, satisfying 4.0a6.2); and a dispersant soluble in the solvent and having a fatty acid in its structure, wherein viscosity is 180 mPa/S or less, and an anti-counterfeit ink composition containing the near infrared absorbing fine particle dispersion liquid. Also provided is an anti-counterfeit printed matter excellent in anti-counterfeit effect due to the printed matter containing the near infrared absorbing fine particles.