The copolymer includes divalent units represented by formula —[CF.sup.2—CF.sup.2]—, divalent units represented by formula: (I), and one or more divalent units independently represented by formula: (II) When Z is hydrogen, the copolymer has an alpha transition temperature of up to 100 ?C. The copolymer has an —SO.sub.3Z equivalent weight in a range from 300 to 1400, and a variation of the copolymer in which —SO.sub.3Z is replaced with —SO.sub.2F has a melt flow index of up to 80 grams per ten minutes measured at a temperature of 265° C. and at a support weight of 5 kg. A catalyst ink or polymer electrolyte membrane including the copolymer are also provided. ##STR00001##

The copolymer includes divalent units represented by formula —[CF.sup.2—CF.sup.2]—, divalent units represented by formula: (I), and one or more divalent units independently represented by formula: (II) When Z is hydrogen, the copolymer has an alpha transition temperature of up to 100 ?C. The copolymer has an —SO.sub.3Z equivalent weight in a range from 300 to 1400, and a variation of the copolymer in which —SO.sub.3Z is replaced with —SO.sub.2F has a melt flow index of up to 80 grams per ten minutes measured at a temperature of 265° C. and at a support weight of 5 kg. A catalyst ink or polymer electrolyte membrane including the copolymer are also provided. ##STR00001##

A copolymer including units derived from fluoro monomers of formula (I):

CX.sub.1X.sub.2═CX.sub.3X.sub.4  (I) in which each of the X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 is independently chosen from H, F and alkyl groups including from 1 to 3 carbon atoms which are optionally partially or totally fluorinated, the H and/or F atoms of the fluoro monomers being partially replaced with photoactive groups of formula —Y—Ar—R in the copolymer; Y representing an oxygen atom or an NH group or a sulfur atom, Ar representing an aryl group, preferably a phenyl group, and R being a monodentate or bidentate group including from 1 to 30 carbon atoms. The fluoro monomers of formula (I) of the copolymer include vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene. Also, a process for preparing this copolymer, a composition including this copolymer, and a film obtained from the copolymer.

A separator for an electrochemical device comprising a porous polymer substrate, and a porous coating layer on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate. The porous coating layer comprises inorganic particles and an ion conducting polymer. The ion conducting polymer comprises a fluorine-based copolymer comprising fluoroolefin-based segments with anionic functional groups present in side chains or terminals, and an electrochemical device comprising the same. It is possible to provide a separator with high ionic conductivity and an increased peel strength between the porous polymer substrate and the porous coating layer, and an electrochemical device with improved properties.

A separator for an electrochemical device comprising a porous polymer substrate, and a porous coating layer on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate. The porous coating layer comprises inorganic particles and an ion conducting polymer. The ion conducting polymer comprises a fluorine-based copolymer comprising fluoroolefin-based segments with anionic functional groups present in side chains or terminals, and an electrochemical device comprising the same. It is possible to provide a separator with high ionic conductivity and an increased peel strength between the porous polymer substrate and the porous coating layer, and an electrochemical device with improved properties.

The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a fluoropolymer, a polymerized ionic liquid block copolymer (PILBC), and a catalyst, where the fluoropolymer is configured to affect ionic mobility, and the PILBC is configured to affect a property of the catalyst. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the property may include at least one of oxygen transport and/or an active site functionality of the catalyst.

The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a fluoropolymer, a polymerized ionic liquid block copolymer (PILBC), and a catalyst, where the fluoropolymer is configured to affect ionic mobility, and the PILBC is configured to affect a property of the catalyst. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the property may include at least one of oxygen transport and/or an active site functionality of the catalyst.

The present invention provides a multilayer assembly comprising a metallic layer that is at least partially coated with a hybrid inorganic/organic composition, a method for its preparation and an electrochemical cell comprising said multilayer assembly.

An environment control system utilizes oxygen and humidity control devices that are coupled with an enclosure to independently control the oxygen concentration and the humidity level within the enclosure. An oxygen depletion device may be an oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell that reacts with oxygen within the cell and produces water through electrochemical reactions. A desiccating device may be g, a dehumidification electrolyzer cell, a desiccator, a membrane desiccator or a condenser. A controller may control the amount of voltage and/or current provided to the oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell and therefore the rate of oxygen reduction and may control the amount of voltage and/or current provided to the dehumidification electrolyzer cell and therefore the rate of humidity reduction. The oxygen level may be determined by the measurement of voltage and a limiting current of the oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell. The enclosure may be a food or artifact enclosure.

An environment control system utilizes oxygen and humidity control devices that are coupled with an enclosure to independently control the oxygen concentration and the humidity level within the enclosure. An oxygen depletion device may be an oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell that reacts with oxygen within the cell and produces water through electrochemical reactions. A desiccating device may be g, a dehumidification electrolyzer cell, a desiccator, a membrane desiccator or a condenser. A controller may control the amount of voltage and/or current provided to the oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell and therefore the rate of oxygen reduction and may control the amount of voltage and/or current provided to the dehumidification electrolyzer cell and therefore the rate of humidity reduction. The oxygen level may be determined by the measurement of voltage and a limiting current of the oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell. The enclosure may be a food or artifact enclosure.