To provide a coated article, in which formation of a cured film having a fluororesin layer and a polyester layer is not cumbersome, and the cured film is excellent in weather resistance. A coated article having a cured film formed by coating a substrate with a powder coating material comprising a fluorinated polymer (A), a polyester polymer (B), an ultraviolet absorber (C) and titanium oxide (E), wherein the thickness of the cured film is from 20 to 1,000 m, the atom number concentration of Ti element present in a region (I) within 5 m in depth from the surface of the cured film is from 0 to 9%, the atom number concentration of Ti element present in a region (II) beyond 10 m in depth from the surface of the cured film is from 8.5 to 10%, and the proportion of the ultraviolet absorber (D) contained in the region (I) (100 mass %) is from 0.5 to 10 mass %.

To provide a coated article, in which formation of a cured film having a fluororesin layer and a polyester layer is not cumbersome, and the cured film is excellent in weather resistance. A coated article having a cured film formed by coating a substrate with a powder coating material comprising a fluorinated polymer (A), a polyester polymer (B), an ultraviolet absorber (C) and titanium oxide (E), wherein the thickness of the cured film is from 20 to 1,000 m, the atom number concentration of Ti element present in a region (I) within 5 m in depth from the surface of the cured film is from 0 to 9%, the atom number concentration of Ti element present in a region (II) beyond 10 m in depth from the surface of the cured film is from 8.5 to 10%, and the proportion of the ultraviolet absorber (D) contained in the region (I) (100 mass %) is from 0.5 to 10 mass %.

A composition for preparing an optical functional layer capable of forming an optical film having an excellent surface condition and excellent lamination properties with another layer, includes a liquid crystal compound and a copolymer, and the copolymer includes a constitutional unit corresponding to a fluoroaliphatic group-containing monomer represented by Formula I, and a constitutional unit corresponding to a monomer represented by Formula II. In Formulae I and II, R.sup.1, R.sup.10, and R.sup.3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in which at least one carbon atom has a fluorine atom as a substituent, and L represents a divalent linking group constituted by at least one selected from the group consisting of O, (CO)O, O(CO), a divalent chain group, and a divalent aliphatic cyclic group.

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Provided is a coating composition capable of forming a coating film capable of maintaining excellent tack-free properties (releasability) for a long period of time on a plastic substrate or a rubber substrate, and particularly an elastic substrate made of rubber. The coating composition contains a rubber and an oil that is a liquid at 25? C., wherein the oil is dispersed at an average particle diameter of 50 ?m or less.

Provided is a coating composition capable of forming a coating film capable of maintaining excellent tack-free properties (releasability) for a long period of time on a plastic substrate or a rubber substrate, and particularly an elastic substrate made of rubber. The coating composition contains a rubber and an oil that is a liquid at 25? C., wherein the oil is dispersed at an average particle diameter of 50 ?m or less.

This invention discloses a linear polarizing layer, a circular polarizing layer, a flexible display apparatus, and preparation methods thereof. The preparation method of a linear polarizing layer according to this invention comprises the steps of: coating a polarizing film precursor material on a flexible base material, wherein the polarizing film precursor material comprises a polarizing material capable of being oriented under a field effect; orientating the polarizing film precursor material in a manner of field induction to allow the direction of orientation thereof to be vertical to the direction of a bending axis of the flexible base material; and curing the polarizing film precursor material to form a linear polarizing layer on the flexible base material.

This invention discloses a linear polarizing layer, a circular polarizing layer, a flexible display apparatus, and preparation methods thereof. The preparation method of a linear polarizing layer according to this invention comprises the steps of: coating a polarizing film precursor material on a flexible base material, wherein the polarizing film precursor material comprises a polarizing material capable of being oriented under a field effect; orientating the polarizing film precursor material in a manner of field induction to allow the direction of orientation thereof to be vertical to the direction of a bending axis of the flexible base material; and curing the polarizing film precursor material to form a linear polarizing layer on the flexible base material.

When mammal cells are administered by using a container whose surface in contact with the mammal cells is formed of a fluororesin material at least partially having a CF.sub.3 terminal group or a container whose surface in contact with the mammal cells is formed of a fluororesin material having a total number of non-fluorinated group terminals and CF.sub.2H group terminals in the fluororesin of 70 or less per 1?10.sup.6 carbon atoms, or mammal cells are stored or cultured in such a container, the cell adhesion on the container inner surface and the cell survival rate reduction can effectively be suppressed. Therefore, by using these containers, a mammal cell-containing liquid having a high concentration and a high proportion of living cells can be administered, stored or prepared, which contributes to regenerative medicine using the mammal cell-containing liquid (suspension liquid).

When mammal cells are administered by using a container whose surface in contact with the mammal cells is formed of a fluororesin material at least partially having a CF.sub.3 terminal group or a container whose surface in contact with the mammal cells is formed of a fluororesin material having a total number of non-fluorinated group terminals and CF.sub.2H group terminals in the fluororesin of 70 or less per 1?10.sup.6 carbon atoms, or mammal cells are stored or cultured in such a container, the cell adhesion on the container inner surface and the cell survival rate reduction can effectively be suppressed. Therefore, by using these containers, a mammal cell-containing liquid having a high concentration and a high proportion of living cells can be administered, stored or prepared, which contributes to regenerative medicine using the mammal cell-containing liquid (suspension liquid).

Described herein is a perfluoropolymer and compositions therefrom. The perfluoropolymer is derived from: (a) no more than 88 mol % tetrafluoroethylene monomer; and (b) a complementary amount of a perfluoro (cycloaliphatic methyl vinyl ether) monomer, and has substantially no melting point.