Emulsion polymers and coating compositions made therefrom that exhibit exceptional roller stability and stain resistance to both hydrophilic and hydrophobic stains, without sacrificing scrub resistance. The emulsion polymers include, as polymerized units formed at a pH between 3 and 9: a) at least one nonionic or anionic unsaturated monomer in an amount ranging between about 78 wt. % to less than 100 wt. % based on the overall weight of the polymer composition b) one or more strong acid monomer in an amount ranging from about 0.01 wt. % to 2 wt. % based on the overall weight of the polymer composition; and c) at least one lower alkyl acrylate monomer in an amount ranging between about 1 wt. % to 20 wt. % based on the overall weight of the polymer composition.

Emulsion polymers and coating compositions made therefrom that exhibit exceptional roller stability and stain resistance to both hydrophilic and hydrophobic stains, without sacrificing scrub resistance. The emulsion polymers include, as polymerized units formed at a pH between 3 and 9: a) at least one nonionic or anionic unsaturated monomer in an amount ranging between about 78 wt. % to less than 100 wt. % based on the overall weight of the polymer composition b) one or more strong acid monomer in an amount ranging from about 0.01 wt. % to 2 wt. % based on the overall weight of the polymer composition; and c) at least one lower alkyl acrylate monomer in an amount ranging between about 1 wt. % to 20 wt. % based on the overall weight of the polymer composition.

The present invention provides a copolymer obtainable by polymerizing a monomer mixture which contains at least compounds of the following formulae (A), (B) and (C), wherein T.sup.a, T.sup.b, T.sup.c, U.sup.a1, U.sup.a2, U.sup.b1, U.sup.b2 and U.sup.b3, Q.sup.a, Q.sup.b and Q.sup.c, R.sup.a, R.sup.b and R.sup.c, An.sup.− and m are as defined in Specification and Claims, and so on. The copolymer of the present invention can be utilized as an ion complex material excellent in a function of inhibiting adhesion of a biological substance.

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The present invention provides a copolymer obtainable by polymerizing a monomer mixture which contains at least compounds of the following formulae (A), (B) and (C), wherein T.sup.a, T.sup.b, T.sup.c, U.sup.a1, U.sup.a2, U.sup.b1, U.sup.b2 and U.sup.b3, Q.sup.a, Q.sup.b and Q.sup.c, R.sup.a, R.sup.b and R.sup.c, An.sup.− and m are as defined in Specification and Claims, and so on. The copolymer of the present invention can be utilized as an ion complex material excellent in a function of inhibiting adhesion of a biological substance.

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Provided herein are coated substrates. Also provided herein are methods for attaching phosphonates, phosphonic acids, or derivatives thereof to an organic or an inorganic substrate (e.g., a metal oxide substrate) via phosphonate chemistry to form the coated substrates provided herein.

Provided herein are coated substrates. Also provided herein are methods for attaching phosphonates, phosphonic acids, or derivatives thereof to an organic or an inorganic substrate (e.g., a metal oxide substrate) via phosphonate chemistry to form the coated substrates provided herein.

Provided is a binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery electrode that can form a slurry composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery electrode having excellent viscosity stability and a non-aqueous secondary battery having excellent cycle characteristics. The binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery electrode contains: a polymer that includes a monomer unit including a functional group that is bondable with a cationic group and a (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer unit; and an organic compound that includes at least two cationic groups. The binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery electrode has a viscosity change rate of 400% or less when left at rest at a temperature of 60° C. for 30 days.

Provided herein is a method for pretreating aluminum materials, particularly aluminum wheels, wherein an aluminum material is successively i) cleaned and subsequently rinsed, ii) optionally subjected to alkaline pickling and subsequently rinsed, iii) optionally contacted with an aqueous composition comprising at least one mineral acid, iv) optionally rinsed and v) contacted with an acidic aqueous composition comprising a) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium and hafnium compounds and b) at least one linear terpolymer prepared by controlled radical polymerisation and comprising vinylphosphonic acid monomeric units, hydroxylethyl- and/or hydroxylpropyl-(meth)acrylate monomeric units and (meth)acrylic acid monomeric units, vi) optionally rinsed, vii) optionally contacted with another aqueous composition, viii) optionally rinsed and ix) optionally dried. Further provided herein is a corresponding composition as well as the use of the materials treated according to the method.

Provided herein is a method for pretreating aluminum materials, particularly aluminum wheels, wherein an aluminum material is successively i) cleaned and subsequently rinsed, ii) optionally subjected to alkaline pickling and subsequently rinsed, iii) optionally contacted with an aqueous composition comprising at least one mineral acid, iv) optionally rinsed and v) contacted with an acidic aqueous composition comprising a) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium and hafnium compounds and b) at least one linear terpolymer prepared by controlled radical polymerisation and comprising vinylphosphonic acid monomeric units, hydroxylethyl- and/or hydroxylpropyl-(meth)acrylate monomeric units and (meth)acrylic acid monomeric units, vi) optionally rinsed, vii) optionally contacted with another aqueous composition, viii) optionally rinsed and ix) optionally dried. Further provided herein is a corresponding composition as well as the use of the materials treated according to the method.

A composition includes a polyphosphoric acid-modified acrylic polyol, wherein the polyphosphoric acid-modified acrylic polyol has greater than zero, but less than 1.0 wt % modification with polyphosphoric acid.