An antifouling coating composition contains a silyl ester polymer, at least one rosin compound selected from rosin and rosin derivatives, a poly(vinyl alcohol) resin, and water. A method for producing an antifouling substrate, includes subjecting a substrate to application of or impregnation with the antifouling coating composition to provide an applied body or an impregnated body, and drying the applied body or the impregnated body.

An antifouling coating composition contains a silyl ester polymer, at least one rosin compound selected from rosin and rosin derivatives, a poly(vinyl alcohol) resin, and water. A method for producing an antifouling substrate, includes subjecting a substrate to application of or impregnation with the antifouling coating composition to provide an applied body or an impregnated body, and drying the applied body or the impregnated body.

Molecules or salts thereof are provided, having the structure in Formula I,

wherein n.sup.2 and n.sup.4 are the same or different and are independently 1, 2, or 3, and n.sup.3 is 1 to 20;
X is oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur;
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 are as described herein.

Methods are also provided for the synthesis of and use of the provided molecules in applications for diagnostic testing.

Molecules or salts thereof are provided, having the structure in Formula I,

wherein n.sup.2 and n.sup.4 are the same or different and are independently 1, 2, or 3, and n.sup.3 is 1 to 20;
X is oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur;
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 are as described herein.

Methods are also provided for the synthesis of and use of the provided molecules in applications for diagnostic testing.

Hollow particles having a shell including at least one layer, wherein the at least one layer contains a vinyl-based resin, and contains a phosphorus atom and/or a sulfur atom.

Hollow particles having a shell including at least one layer, wherein the at least one layer contains a vinyl-based resin, and contains a phosphorus atom and/or a sulfur atom.

Described herein is a coating composition including one or more (meth)acrylic polymers including moieties of formula (I)

*—C(═O)—O—CH.sub.2—Si(R.sup.a).sub.3−x(R.sup.b).sub.x  (I)

where R.sup.a=methoxy; R.sup.b=an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms; x is 0 or 1; and the asterisk * denotes the position at which the moiety of formula (I) is attached to the polymeric backbone of the (meth)acrylic polymer; further containing one or more catalysts of formula (II)

H.sub.3C—C(R.sup.c)(R.sup.d)—C(═O)—O.sup.−M.sup.+  (II)

where R.sup.c and R.sup.d=alkyl groups containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the sum of the number of carbon atoms in residues R.sup.c and R.sup.d ranges from 2 to 7, and M=for Li, K or Na, and further containing one or more aprotic organic solvents.

Described herein is a coating composition including one or more (meth)acrylic polymers including moieties of formula (I)

*—C(═O)—O—CH.sub.2—Si(R.sup.a).sub.3−x(R.sup.b).sub.x  (I)

where R.sup.a=methoxy; R.sup.b=an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms; x is 0 or 1; and the asterisk * denotes the position at which the moiety of formula (I) is attached to the polymeric backbone of the (meth)acrylic polymer; further containing one or more catalysts of formula (II)

H.sub.3C—C(R.sup.c)(R.sup.d)—C(═O)—O.sup.−M.sup.+  (II)

where R.sup.c and R.sup.d=alkyl groups containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the sum of the number of carbon atoms in residues R.sup.c and R.sup.d ranges from 2 to 7, and M=for Li, K or Na, and further containing one or more aprotic organic solvents.

Described herein is a coating composition including one or more (meth)acrylic polymers including moieties of formula (I)

*—C(═O)—O—CH.sub.2—Si(R.sup.a).sub.3−x(R.sup.b).sub.x  (I)

where R.sup.a=methoxy; R.sup.b=an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms; x is 0 or 1; and the asterisk * denotes the position at which the moiety of formula (I) is attached to the polymeric backbone of the (meth)acrylic polymer; further containing one or more catalysts of formula (II)

H.sub.3C—C(R.sup.c)(R.sup.d)—C(═O)—O.sup.−M.sup.+  (II)

where R.sup.c and R.sup.d=alkyl groups containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the sum of the number of carbon atoms in residues R.sup.c and R.sup.d ranges from 2 to 7, and M=for Li, K or Na, and further containing one or more aprotic organic solvents.

A compound for an encapsulation film and a composition thereof, a film, an organic light-emitting device, and an encapsulation method are provided. The compound has the structure shown in formula 1, and the composition comprises the compound, one or more photocurable and thermocurable propenyl compounds, and one or more compounds that produce a free radical and produce an acid under light or heat. The encapsulation film includes the composition as a film of an organic layer. The organic light-emitting device includes the film. The encapsulation method involves encapsulating the organic light-emitting device using the encapsulation film. The composition containing the compound serves as an organic layer. An encapsulation film for the organic light-emitting device is manufactured by repetitively and alternately laminating an inorganic layer and the organic layer.