The present invention provides an antifouling film that is excellent in antifouling properties, rubbing resistance, and adhesion. The antifouling film includes: a substrate; and a polymer layer disposed on a surface of the substrate and including on a surface thereof an uneven structure provided with projections at a pitch not longer than a wavelength of visible light, the polymer layer being a cured product of a polymerizable composition, the polymerizable composition containing, in terms of active components, 30 to 80 wt % of a polyfunctional acrylate, 10 to 30 wt % of a monofunctional amide monomer, 0.5 to 10 wt % of a fluorine-based release agent, and 5 to 30 wt % of a vinyl-based polymer containing a repeat unit represented by a predetermined formula.

Provided are a polymer, a resin composition, and an antifouling coating material composition which are capable of forming a coating film having both of water resistance and antifouling properties resulting from superhydrophilicity; a method for producing the polymer; a method for forming a structure for stabilizing a carbamate on a surface of a coating film using the polymer; and a method for regenerating a structure for stabilizing a carbamate on a surface of a coating film using the polymer. The polymer having a structure which reacts with CO.sub.2 in the presence of water and stabilizes a formed carbamate, in which Expression (1) is satisfied.

Contact angle in water after reaction with CO.sub.2contact angle in water before reaction with CO.sub.210Expression (1)

Polymeric amino (meth)acrylate suitable for use in radiation curable compositions, wherein said polymeric amino (meth)acrylate is the reaction product of a secondary amine-terminated copolymer (A) and a multifunctional (meth)acrylate (B); wherein said secondary amine-terminated copolymer is the reaction product of a difunctional (meth)acrylate (Ai) and a bireactive amine (Aii); and wherein the multifunctional (meth) acrylate (B) is different from the difunctional (meth)acrylate (Ai) and which multifunctional (meth) acrylate comprises two or more (meth)acrylate groups.

This invention relates to a graft copolymer comprising:

a) a macromonomer, wherein the macromonomer comprises in polymerized form a first monoethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from a group consisting of esters of methacrylic acid and acrylic acid with straight or branched alcohols having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and no more than 5 mole % an addition fragmentation chain transfer agent; and

b) at least one side chain on the macromonomer, wherein the at least one side chain comprises at least 95 wt.-% of acrylic acid in polymerized form, and its use for improving the dirt pick-up resistance of a paint or coating.

An aqueous coating composition containing an acrylic-modified polyester resin (A) and a reactive-group-containing resin (B), the acrylic-modified polyester resin (A) comprising as a monomer component constituting the acrylic part, a polyoxyalkylene group-containing unsaturated monomer having a weight average molecular weight of 400 or more, and the proportion of compounds having 6 or more carbon atoms of the total amount of the polyester-constituting components being 50 mass % or more.

An aqueous coating composition containing an acrylic-modified polyester resin (A) and a reactive-group-containing resin (B), the acrylic-modified polyester resin (A) comprising as a monomer component constituting the acrylic part, a polyoxyalkylene group-containing unsaturated monomer having a weight average molecular weight of 400 or more, and the proportion of compounds having 6 or more carbon atoms of the total amount of the polyester-constituting components being 50 mass % or more.

Polymer composite photonic crystal materials are disclosed as coatings which have high reflection (>30%) in a specific range of the electromagnetic spectrum, such as ultraviolet (<400 nm), visible (Vis, 400 nm-700 nm), or near-infrared radiation range (NIR, 700-2000 nm), and relatively low reflection (<20% reflection) in a second, different range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Surprisingly, it was found that through a formulation and additives approach, the optical properties of polymer composite photonic crystal films can be selectively modified from a variety of different coating methods, including spray deposition.

A (meth)acrylic acid copolymer (A) having a weight average molecular weight of 1000 to 1,000,000, and in which when the half-width of the primary scatter peak when measured by small angle X-ray scattering is defined as X, 0.12<X, is used as an adhesive. The (meth)acrylic copolymer (A) is obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture containing a macromonomer (a) having a number average molecular weight of 500-100,000, and a vinyl monomer (b). The adhesive has sufficient holding force and adhesive force, and the occurrence of adhesive deposit can be prevented when peeled off.

The present invention is to provide a metal particle dispersion which has low viscosity and excellent dispersibility and dispersion stability, and in which the precipitation of the metal particles is inhibited. Disclosed is a metal particle dispersion comprising metal particles, a dispersant and a solvent, wherein the metal particles contain one or more selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, copper, nickel, platinum, palladium, molybdenum, aluminum, antimony, tin, chromium, lanthanum, indium, gallium and germanium, and wherein the dispersant is a graft copolymer having at least one constitutional unit represented by the following general formula (I) and at least one constitutional unit represented by the following general formula (II), and in which at least part of nitrogen sites of the constitutional units represented by the general formula (I) each form a salt with at least one selected from the group consisting of a halogenated hydrocarbon, an acidic phosphorus compound represented by the following general formula (V), and a sulfonic acid compound represented by the following general formula (VI): ##STR00001##
(symbols shown in the general formulae (I), (II), (V) and (VI) are as described in the Description.)

Polymer composite photonic crystal materials are disclosed as coatings with topcoats having high reflection (>30%) in a specific range of the electromagnetic spectrum, such as ultraviolet (<400 nm), visible (Vis, 400 nm-700 nm), or near-infrared radiation range (NIR, 700-2000 nm), and optionally a relatively low reflection (<20% reflection) in a second, different range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Surprisingly, it was found that through a multi-layer coating approach, the optical properties of polymer composite photonic crystal films can be selectively modified from a variety of different coating methods, including spray deposition.