The present disclosure describes thermoformable sheets capable of retaining an absorbing stain, pigmented sealer or clear sealer. The unique resin binder formulations and products include porosity-promoting agents that result in the resin binder having a porous surface capable of being stained, while still having the favorable properties of traditional Thermofoil products. The methods of the invention produce a Thermofoil product that can be stained with a variety of stains and colorants after manufacturing to suit the individual builder's or homeowner's preference.

The present disclosure describes thermoformable sheets capable of retaining an absorbing stain, pigmented sealer or clear sealer. The unique resin binder formulations and products include porosity-promoting agents that result in the resin binder having a porous surface capable of being stained, while still having the favorable properties of traditional Thermofoil products. The methods of the invention produce a Thermofoil product that can be stained with a variety of stains and colorants after manufacturing to suit the individual builder's or homeowner's preference.

A multi-component composition for additive manufacturing, and related methods, are generally described.

A multi-component composition for additive manufacturing, and related methods, are generally described.

The present disclosure relates to a process for producing matt coatings on sheetlike substrates. The method includes providing an uncured lacquer layer of a UV radiation-curable liquid lacquer formulation F on a surface of the substrate to be coated. The method also includes irradiating the lacquer layer with UV radiation substantially in the wavelength range of 250 to 420 nm with a radiation dose which results in partial curing of the lacquer layer. The method further includes irradiating the partially cured lacquer layer with UV radiation in the wavelength range of 150 to <250 nm under inert gas. The method further includes irradiating the partially cured lacquer layer with UV radiation substantially in the wavelength range of 250 to 420 nm or with electron radiation with a radiation dose which results in end-curing of the lacquer layer.

The present disclosure relates to a process for producing matt coatings on sheetlike substrates. The method includes providing an uncured lacquer layer of a UV radiation-curable liquid lacquer formulation F on a surface of the substrate to be coated. The method also includes irradiating the lacquer layer with UV radiation substantially in the wavelength range of 250 to 420 nm with a radiation dose which results in partial curing of the lacquer layer. The method further includes irradiating the partially cured lacquer layer with UV radiation in the wavelength range of 150 to <250 nm under inert gas. The method further includes irradiating the partially cured lacquer layer with UV radiation substantially in the wavelength range of 250 to 420 nm or with electron radiation with a radiation dose which results in end-curing of the lacquer layer.

Disclosed herein are systems for treating a substrate. The system may include a cleaner composition, a deoxidizing composition comprising a Group IVA metal and/or a Group IVB metal and free fluoride and having a pH of 1.0 to 3.0, and/or a seal composition. The system may also include a coating composition. The cleaner composition, deoxidizing composition, and/or seal composition may comprise a homopolymer or a copolymer comprising a phosphorous-containing monomeric subunit m1. Also disclosed is a deoxidizing composition comprising a Group IVA metal and a Group IVB metal and free fluoride and having a pH of 1.0 to 3.0. Also disclosed are methods of treating a substrate. Also disclosed are treated substrates.

A crosslinking composition includes a compound having at least two functional groups that are each independently represented by Chemical Structure (I):

##STR00001##

X is an oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen; R.sup.1 is an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an alkylaryl group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are each independently an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, or a hydrogen; R.sup.5 is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, or a hydrogen; z is 0 when X is oxygen or sulfur and z is 1 when X is nitrogen; and when a double bond is formed between a carbon atom bonded to R.sup.3 and an adjacent nitrogen, m is 0, and when a single bond is formed between the carbon atom bonded to R.sup.3 and the adjacent nitrogen, m is 1.

A crosslinking composition includes a compound having at least two functional groups that are each independently represented by Chemical Structure (I):

##STR00001##

X is an oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen; R.sup.1 is an alkyl group, an aryl group, or an alkylaryl group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are each independently an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, or a hydrogen; R.sup.5 is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group, or a hydrogen; z is 0 when X is oxygen or sulfur and z is 1 when X is nitrogen; and when a double bond is formed between a carbon atom bonded to R.sup.3 and an adjacent nitrogen, m is 0, and when a single bond is formed between the carbon atom bonded to R.sup.3 and the adjacent nitrogen, m is 1.

An epoxy resin emulsion includes a continuous phase including an aqueous carrier and an acid. The emulsion also includes a dispersed phase including an epoxy resin. The epoxy resin is the reaction product of an amine compound and a first epoxy reactant. The first epoxy reactant itself includes the reaction product of (1) an aromatic diol monomer, (2) a di-glycidyl ether of Bisphenol A and/or a di-glycidyl ether of catechol, and (3) a C8-C18 alkyl phenolic end-capping agent. The (1) aromatic diol monomer has the structure: ##STR00001##
In this structure, each of R.sup.1-R.sup.4 is independently a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.8 cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, a halide group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a blocked isocyanate group, or a C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyloxy group or wherein any two or more of R.sup.1-R.sup.4 may be a fused ring.