Provided is a resin-coated metal sheet that, even when used in a DI can, ensures excellent removability for various contents and stably satisfies various properties required of container material. A resin-coated metal sheet comprises: a metal sheet; and a coating layer of a resin containing a polyester resin as a main component, on at least one surface of both surfaces of the metal sheet, wherein the coating layer has a thickness of 21 μm or more and 38 μm or less, contains 0.01 mass % or more and 2.00 mass % or less of a wax compound, and has a surface indentation modulus of 2000 MPa or more and 3400 MPa or less.

Provided is a resin-coated metal sheet that, even when used in a DI can, ensures excellent removability for various contents and stably satisfies various properties required of container material. A resin-coated metal sheet comprises: a metal sheet; and a coating layer of a resin containing a polyester resin as a main component, on at least one surface of both surfaces of the metal sheet, wherein the coating layer has a thickness of 21 μm or more and 38 μm or less, contains 0.01 mass % or more and 2.00 mass % or less of a wax compound, and has a surface indentation modulus of 2000 MPa or more and 3400 MPa or less.

Use of a coating composition on a chromium free tinplate substrate, the coating composition comprising: a polyester material, and benzoguanamine or a derivative thereof, wherein the coating composition is substantially free of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE).

Use of a coating composition on a chromium free tinplate substrate, the coating composition comprising: a polyester material, and benzoguanamine or a derivative thereof, wherein the coating composition is substantially free of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE).

A system for applying a first coating composition and a second coating composition. The system includes a first high transfer efficiency applicator defining a first nozzle orifice and a second high transfer efficiency applicator defining a second nozzle orifice. The system further includes a substrate defining a target area. The first high transfer efficiency applicator is configured to expel the first coating composition through the first nozzle orifice to the target area of the substrate to form a first coating layer. The second high transfer efficiency applicator is configured to expel the second coating composition through the second nozzle orifice to the first coating layer to form a second coating layer.

A system for applying a first coating composition and a second coating composition. The system includes a first high transfer efficiency applicator defining a first nozzle orifice and a second high transfer efficiency applicator defining a second nozzle orifice. The system further includes a substrate defining a target area. The first high transfer efficiency applicator is configured to expel the first coating composition through the first nozzle orifice to the target area of the substrate to form a first coating layer. The second high transfer efficiency applicator is configured to expel the second coating composition through the second nozzle orifice to the first coating layer to form a second coating layer.

A powder coating composition can include: a polyester polymer having carboxylic acid functional groups; a first crosslinker reactive with the carboxylic acid functional groups of the polyester polymer; and a fluoropolymer unreactive with the polyester polymer and first crosslinker. A weight ratio of the polyester polymer to the fluoropolymer is from 80:20 to 60:40. When cured, the powder coating composition forms a single coating layer including the polyester polymer and the fluoropolymer.

A powder coating composition can include: a polyester polymer having carboxylic acid functional groups; a first crosslinker reactive with the carboxylic acid functional groups of the polyester polymer; and a fluoropolymer unreactive with the polyester polymer and first crosslinker. A weight ratio of the polyester polymer to the fluoropolymer is from 80:20 to 60:40. When cured, the powder coating composition forms a single coating layer including the polyester polymer and the fluoropolymer.

A powder coating composition can include: a polyester polymer having carboxylic acid functional groups; a first crosslinker reactive with the carboxylic acid functional groups of the polyester polymer; and a fluoropolymer unreactive with the polyester polymer and first crosslinker. A weight ratio of the polyester polymer to the fluoropolymer is from 80:20 to 60:40. When cured, the powder coating composition forms a single coating layer including the polyester polymer and the fluoropolymer.

A graphene-based zinc containing coating is provided to prevent or slow down the corrosion of steel. The graphene-based materials are selected from a group of modified single-layer graphene, double-layer graphene, few layer graphene, graphene nanoplatelet, doped graphene, and a combination thereof. The modified graphene-based materials in zinc-containing paints or coatings act as a barrier to prevent or slow down the diffusion of corrosive species to the steel surface to be protected. For such a purpose, the graphene has a high aspect ratio and good structural integrity, especially a lack of defects on the basal plane of the graphene.