A quantum dot including a semiconductor crystal particle having a particle diameter of 20 nm or less, and a ligand having two or more functional groups for interaction with the semiconductor crystal particle coordinates to two or more sites on a surface of the semiconductor crystal particle. A quantum dot with enhanced stability through surface modification on the semiconductor crystal particle by using a ligand which has two or more functional groups for interaction with the semiconductor crystal particle, and which coordinates to two or more sites on the semiconductor particle surface.

A quantum dot including a semiconductor crystal particle having a particle diameter of 20 nm or less, and a ligand having two or more functional groups for interaction with the semiconductor crystal particle coordinates to two or more sites on a surface of the semiconductor crystal particle. A quantum dot with enhanced stability through surface modification on the semiconductor crystal particle by using a ligand which has two or more functional groups for interaction with the semiconductor crystal particle, and which coordinates to two or more sites on the semiconductor particle surface.

A method for producing silica-coated spherical silicone elastomer particles which includes a step in which a tetraalkoxysilane (E) is added to a liquid comprising spherical silicone elastomer particles (A), an alkaline substance (B), one or more ingredients (C) selected from among cationic surfactants and cationic water-soluble polymers, and water (D), and the tetraalkoxysilane is hydrolyzed and condensed to thereby coat the surfaces of the spherical silicone elastomer particles with silica.

An antibacterial leather uses the organic silica gel as the main component, uses the carboxymethyl chitosan silver as the antibacterial factor, and uses the modified nano-silica and the modified layered double oxide as the flame retardant factor. The synergistic effects between the components, such as the good binding between carboxymethyl chitosan silver and the substrate, the synergistic flame retardant effect between flame retardant factors, the bonding effect between modified nano-silica and dimethicone, and the synergistic effect between the high-viscosity dimethicone and the low-viscosity dimethicone are utilized to improve the process, thereby obtaining a good antibacterial, flame retardant and other properties, meanwhile meeting the requirement for the material mechanical properties and environmental protection.

A silicone resin represented by formula (1) and having a Mw of 1,000-8,000 is useful in cosmetics.
[(C.sub.6H.sub.5).sub.3SiO.sub.1/2].sub.a[R.sup.1.sub.3SiO.sub.1/2].sub.b[R.sup.2.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2].sub.c[R.sup.3SiO.sub.3/2].sub.d[SiO.sub.4/2].sub.e(1)
R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl group, C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryl group (exclusive of phenyl) or C.sub.1-C.sub.8 fluorinated alkyl group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently a C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl group, C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryl group or C.sub.1-C.sub.8 fluorinated alkyl group, a=0-0.2, b=0.1-0.5, c=0-0.2, d=0.01-0.5, e=0-0.6, a+b+c+d+e=1.0, at least one phenyl group is included in the molecule. A film of the silicone resin has a refractive index of at least 1.48.

A silicone resin represented by formula (1) and having a Mw of 1,000-8,000 is useful in cosmetics.
[(C.sub.6H.sub.5).sub.3SiO.sub.1/2].sub.a[R.sup.1.sub.3SiO.sub.1/2].sub.b[R.sup.2.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2].sub.c[R.sup.3SiO.sub.3/2].sub.d[SiO.sub.4/2].sub.e(1)
R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl group, C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryl group (exclusive of phenyl) or C.sub.1-C.sub.8 fluorinated alkyl group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently a C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl group, C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryl group or C.sub.1-C.sub.8 fluorinated alkyl group, a=0-0.2, b=0.1-0.5, c=0-0.2, d=0.01-0.5, e=0-0.6, a+b+c+d+e=1.0, at least one phenyl group is included in the molecule. A film of the silicone resin has a refractive index of at least 1.48.

A wire grid polarizer (WGP) can have a conformal-coating to protect the WGP from at least one of the following: corrosion, dust, and damage due to tensile forces in a liquid on the WGP. The conformal-coating can include a silane conformal-coating with chemical formula (1), chemical formula (2), or combinations thereof: ##STR00001##
A method of applying a conformal-coating over a WGP can include exposing the WGP to Si(R.sup.1).sub.d(R.sup.2).sub.e(R.sup.3).sub.g. In the above WGP and method, X can be a bond to the ribs; each R.sup.1 can be a hydrophobic group; each R.sup.3, if any, can be any chemical element or group; d can be 1, 2, or 3, e can be 1, 2, or 3, g can be 0, 1, or 2, and d+e+g=4; R.sup.2 can be a silane-reactive-group; and each R.sup.6 can be an alkyl group, an aryl group, or combinations thereof.

A wire grid polarizer (WGP) can have a conformal-coating to protect the WGP from at least one of the following: corrosion, dust, and damage due to tensile forces in a liquid on the WGP. The conformal-coating can include a silane conformal-coating with chemical formula (1), chemical formula (2), or combinations thereof: ##STR00001##
A method of applying a conformal-coating over a WGP can include exposing the WGP to Si(R.sup.1).sub.d(R.sup.2).sub.e(R.sup.3).sub.g. In the above WGP and method, X can be a bond to the ribs; each R.sup.1 can be a hydrophobic group; each R.sup.3, if any, can be any chemical element or group; d can be 1, 2, or 3, e can be 1, 2, or 3, g can be 0, 1, or 2, and d+e+g=4; R.sup.2 can be a silane-reactive-group; and each R.sup.6 can be an alkyl group, an aryl group, or combinations thereof.

Curable film-forming sol-gel compositions that are essentially free of inorganic oxide particles are provided. The compositions contain: a tetraalkoxysilane; a solvent component; and non-oxide particles, and further contain either i) a mineral acid or ii) an epoxy functional trialkoxysilane and a metal-containing catalyst. Coated articles demonstrating antiglare properties are also provided, comprising: (a) a substrate having at least one surface; and (b) a cured film-forming composition applied thereon, formed from a curable sol-gel composition comprising a silane and non-oxide particles. A method of forming an antiglare coating on a substrate is also provided. The method comprises: (a) applying a curable film-forming sol-gel composition on at least one surface of the substrate to form a coated substrate; and (b) subjecting the coated substrate to thermal conditions for a time sufficient to effect cure of the sol-gel composition and form a coated substrate with a sol-gel network layer having anti-glare properties.

Curable film-forming sol-gel compositions that are essentially free of inorganic oxide particles are provided. The compositions contain: a tetraalkoxysilane; a solvent component; and non-oxide particles, and further contain either i) a mineral acid or ii) an epoxy functional trialkoxysilane and a metal-containing catalyst. Coated articles demonstrating antiglare properties are also provided, comprising: (a) a substrate having at least one surface; and (b) a cured film-forming composition applied thereon, formed from a curable sol-gel composition comprising a silane and non-oxide particles. A method of forming an antiglare coating on a substrate is also provided. The method comprises: (a) applying a curable film-forming sol-gel composition on at least one surface of the substrate to form a coated substrate; and (b) subjecting the coated substrate to thermal conditions for a time sufficient to effect cure of the sol-gel composition and form a coated substrate with a sol-gel network layer having anti-glare properties.