Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity, hydrophobic cellulose. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and depositing lignin onto cellulose fibers to produce lignin-coated cellulose materials (such as dissolving pulp). The crystallinity of the cellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the hydrophobic cellulose to form completely renewable composites.

An aqueous wax emulsion or dispersion comprising, wax, water and an emulsifier wherein the emulsifier comprises purified kraft lignin and a water-soluble base. A process for preparing said aqueous wax dispersions and their use.

An oleophilic and hydrophobic nanocellulose material is disclosed herein, for nanocellulose sponges and other applications. The oleophilic and hydrophobic nanocellulose material comprises lignin-coated cellulose nanofibrils and/or lignin-coated cellulose nanocrystals. In various embodiments, the nanocellulose material is in the form of a 2D coating or layer, or a 3D object (e.g., foam or aerogel). The nanocellulose material may be disposed onto a scaffold. A process is provided for producing an oleophilic and hydrophobic nanocellulose object, comprising fractionating a biomass feedstock with an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a lignin-containing liquor; mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form cellulose fibrils and/or cellulose crystals; generating a nanocellulose object from the intermediate nanocellulose material; exposing the nanocellulose object to the lignin-containing liquor to allow lignin to deposit onto a surface of the nanocellulose object; and recovering the oleophilic and hydrophobic nanocellulose object.

The present invention describes methods of treating cellulosic materials with a composition comprising hemicellulose and/or lignin and sucrose fatty acid esters to modify barrier functions of such materials. The methods as disclosed use hemicellulose or lignin combined with saccharide fatty acid esters to form films on cellulosic materials, including that the disclosure provides products made by such methods. The materials thus treated exhibit more effective barrier functions, and mechanical properties, and may be used in any application where such features are desired.

A coating for a water-soluble granule comprises a solubilized organosolv lignin as a component for the purpose of limiting the transport of fertilizer through the coating wherein the coating biodegradable. A microporous biodegradable coating includes a blend of an organosolv lignin and cellulous acetate.

Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity, hydrophobic cellulose. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and depositing lignin onto cellulose fibers to produce lignin-coated cellulose materials (such as dissolving pulp). The crystallinity of the cellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the hydrophobic cellulose to form completely renewable composites.

The disclosed technology provides improved compositions and methods for dispersion and drying of nanocellulose, for polymer composites and other systems. Some variations provide a nanocellulose-dispersion concentrate comprising nanocellulose and a dispersion/drying agent selected for compatibility with the nanocellulose and with the nanocellulose-containing composite product, wherein the dispersion/drying agent is selected from the group consisting of waxes, polyolefins, olefinmaleic anhydride copolymers, olefinacrylic acid copolymers, polyols, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, polyolglyceride esters, polydimethylsiloxanes, polydimethylsiloxanealkyl esters, polyacrylamides, starches, cellulose derivatives, particulates, and combinations or reaction products thereof, and wherein the nanocellulose-dispersion concentrate is in solid form (e.g., a powder) or liquid form. Other variations provide a nanocellulose-dispersion masterbatch (e.g., pellets) comprising the nanocellulose-dispersion concentrate and a carrier material. Other variations provide a nanocellulose-containing composite including the nanocellulosedispersion masterbatch or concentrate and a matrix material. Processes of making and using the disclosed compositions are described.

Compositions and methods of protecting plants from cold damage are provided. In particular, the invention provides compositions comprising plant-based nano- and/or micron-sized particles which, when applied to plants or plant parts such as buds, form a non-hydrophilic deposit or film with low thermal conductivity, thereby conferring protection against damage from ice nucleation and cold stress.

Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity, hydrophobic cellulose. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and depositing lignin onto cellulose fibers to produce lignin-coated cellulose materials (such as dissolving pulp). The crystallinity of the cellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the hydrophobic cellulose to form completely renewable composites.

The invention discloses a lower limb rehabilitation device, which includes a square box body. A square box body is provided on the right side of the square box body. The upper end surface and the right side of the square box body are both hollow surfaces. Block, the upper side of the heightened block is welded with an electric cylinder, the piston rod of the electric cylinder is welded with a first connecting rod, the front and rear side walls of the square box are hinged with connecting plates, and the connecting plates of the front and back The foot fixing plate is directly fixedly connected, and the second connecting rod is welded on the left side of the foot fixing plate.