A part includes a base material, a colored layer on the base material, and a surface layer on the colored layer, wherein the colored layer contains Zr, and optionally, C and/or N, a ratio (H.sub.Zr .sub.oxide/H.sub.Zr) of a peak height derived from Zr oxide (H.sub.Zr oxide) to a peak height of Zr (H.sub.Zr) at an interface of the colored layer on the side of the surface layer is more than 0 and less than 4.5, the interface is a point where Zr is detected by sputtering the part from the side of the surface layer with an XPS depth direction analysis, and the ratio (H.sub.Zr oxide/H.sub.Zr) at a point where Ar sputtering is performed for 5 minutes from the interface of the colored layer on the side of the surface layer with the XPS depth direction analysis is 0 to less than 3. The surface layer is water-repellent and exhibits a sputtering time of 5 minutes or less

A part includes a base material, a colored layer, an intermediate layer, and a water-repellent-surface layer. The colored layer contains 35 at % to 99 at % of C, 0 at % to less than 40 at % of Cr, 0 at % to less than 15 at % of N, and more than 0 at % to less than 15 at % of O. The intermediate layer contains at least one metal atom selected from Cr, Zr, and Si; and an oxygen atom. The intermediate layer exhibits a sputtering time of 0.5 minutes or more to 9 minutes or less

The object is to provide a composition capable of forming a surface layer with excellent abrasion resistance, a substrate with a surface layer, and a method for producing a substrate with a surface layer. It is also an object to provide new compounds and their production methods.

The composition of the invention comprises a first component made of a fluorinated ether compound having a poly(oxyfluoroalkylene) chain and a reactive silyl group, and at least one type of second component selected from compound (A) (R.sup.fa—(OX.sup.a).sub.m1-L.sup.a-CZ.sup.a1═CH.sub.2) and compound (B) (CH.sub.2═CZ.sup.b2-L.sup.b2-(OX.sup.b).sub.m2-L.sup.b1-CZ.sup.b1═CH.sub.2), where R.sup.fa is a fluoroalkyl group, X.sup.a and X.sup.b are fluoroalkylene groups, L.sup.a is a single bond or a divalent linking group (but excluding (OX.sup.a).sub.na), L.sup.b1 and L.sup.b2 are single bonds or divalent linking groups (but excluding (OX.sup.b).sub.nb), Z.sup.a1, Z.sup.b1 and Z.sup.b2 are fluorine atoms or trifluoromethyl groups, and m1 and m2 are integers of 2 or more.

An oil repellent agent including a modified natural product having at least one hydroxyl group, wherein a hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group is replaced with an R group represented by —Y—Z, wherein Y represents a direct bond, —C(═O)—, —C(═O)—NR′— or —C(═S)—NR′—, where R′ represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group); and Z represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally having a substituent or a polysiloxane. The natural material is a natural product other than starch and preferably is a monosaccharide, a polysaccharide, glycerin or polyglycerin. Also disclosed is a textile product to which the oil-resistant agent is attached, an oil-resistant paper and a method of treating paper with the oil-resistant agent.

Provided herein are various ice melt compositions, processes, and systems that utilize a porous silica amalgamate composition to provide an environmentally friendly ice melt and freezing point depression composition when in contact with ice and/or snow. In addition, the porous silica amalgamate composition provides traction enhancement on slippery surfaces. In embodiments, the porous silica amalgamate can reabsorb active ingredient(s) during the liquid drying phase to provide potential secondary and tertiary uses. Further disclosed herein are methods of using and making the treatment compositions.

A matter-repellent colloid-infused smooth surface (CISS) device has a solid substrate with a smooth surface where a thin coating of a non-volatile lubricating fluid and a plurality of nanoparticles and/or microparticles reside on the surface. The non-volatile lubricating fluid can be a perfluorinated fluid and the nanoparticles and/or microparticles can be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to provide a slippery surface to a metal, ceramic, glass, or plastic substrate. As needed, the smooth surface of the substrate can be modified with a silylating agent that is miscible with the lubricating fluid to enhance the stability of the coating smooth surface interface. In this manner, tubes, catheters, vials, bottles, or other devices can be imparted with a slippery surface that repels most gases, liquids, and solids.

A matter-repellent colloid-infused smooth surface (CISS) device has a solid substrate with a smooth surface where a thin coating of a non-volatile lubricating fluid and a plurality of nanoparticles and/or microparticles reside on the surface. The non-volatile lubricating fluid can be a perfluorinated fluid and the nanoparticles and/or microparticles can be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to provide a slippery surface to a metal, ceramic, glass, or plastic substrate. As needed, the smooth surface of the substrate can be modified with a silylating agent that is miscible with the lubricating fluid to enhance the stability of the coating smooth surface interface. In this manner, tubes, catheters, vials, bottles, or other devices can be imparted with a slippery surface that repels most gases, liquids, and solids.

The present application pertains in some embodiments to a thermal storage system. The system may include, for example, a warm thermal storage region; a cold thermal storage region; and a physical divider. The warm thermal storage region may include at least two liquid phases. The cold thermal storage region may include at least one liquid phase. The physical divider substantially separates the warm thermal storage region from the cold thermal storage region.

To provide a fluorinated ether composition for vapor deposition which can be used to form a vapor-deposited film excellent in frictional durability, and an article with a vapor-deposited film and a method for its production. This fluorinated ether composition for vapor deposition comprises a compound (A) having a poly(oxyperfluoroalkylene) chain and a hydrolyzable silyl group, and a partial condensate (B) of the compound (A), wherein the proportion of the partial condensate (B) to the total amount of the compound (A) and the partial condensate (B) is from 4 to 40 mass %.

A fluoro(poly)ether group-containing silane compound represented by any of the formulae (A1), (A2), (B1), (B2), (C1), or (C2). In the formulae, PFPE is each independently at each occurrence a group represented by the formula: —(OC.sub.3F.sub.6).sub.d—, wherein the repeating unit OC.sub.3F.sub.6 of the formula includes a branched structure, and d is an integer of 2 or more and 200 or less. The symbols are as defined in the description.