A method of producing a photochromic resin body includes a first step, a second step and a third step. In the first step, a sublimable photochromic dye having sublimability is applied to a base body so as to obtain a function-adding base body. In the second step, the function-adding base body obtained in the first step is set to face a resin body, the function-adding base body is heated to sublimate the sublimable photochromic dye applied to the function-adding base body, and the sublimable photochromic dye is deposited on the resin body. In the third step, the resin body on which the sublimable photochromic dye is deposited in the second step is heated to fix the sublimable photochromic dye on the resin body.

The present invention provides: a photochromic curable composition which contains (A) a (meth)acrylate composition that contains from 24 to 100% by mass of a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate which has three or more (meth)acryloyl groups in each molecule and (B) a photochromic compound that is obtained by bonding at least one specific naphthopyran to a long-chain group having a number average molecular weight of from 300 to 10,000; and a photochromic optical article which is obtained by polymerizing this photochromic curable composition.

The present invention provides: a photochromic curable composition which contains (A) a (meth)acrylate composition that contains from 24 to 100% by mass of a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate which has three or more (meth)acryloyl groups in each molecule and (B) a photochromic compound that is obtained by bonding at least one specific naphthopyran to a long-chain group having a number average molecular weight of from 300 to 10,000; and a photochromic optical article which is obtained by polymerizing this photochromic curable composition.

A dithienophosphorine compound having a cation represented by the formula

##STR00001##

(wherein Y represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group; R.sup.2 represents a hydroxy group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group; R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, or an aryl group; R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 each independently represents an arylene group or a heteroarylene group; R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a sulfonyl group, an alkyl group or an aryl group; each group may have one or more substituents; and R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.7 may bind to each other and/or R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.8 may bind to each other to form a ring together with an adjacent nitrogen atom) is an organic compound that has a maximum absorption wavelength in the NIR-II region (from 1000 to 1500 nm) although the molecular weight thereof is not extremely high, and that has excellent solubility in organic solvents and high structural selectivity.

Disclosed are a structural color variable photonic crystal composite material and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, a photonic crystal composite material having various changes in color by external stimulation and controlling the color change, and a method of manufacturing the same. The structural color variable photonic crystal composite material includes a metal having a metal oxide layer formed on its surface, wherein the metal oxide layer includes a plurality of pores, and a variable material that swells and contracts within the pores by external stimulation.

Disclosed are a structural color variable photonic crystal composite material and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, a photonic crystal composite material having various changes in color by external stimulation and controlling the color change, and a method of manufacturing the same. The structural color variable photonic crystal composite material includes a metal having a metal oxide layer formed on its surface, wherein the metal oxide layer includes a plurality of pores, and a variable material that swells and contracts within the pores by external stimulation.

Provided is an electrochromic display element including a first substrate, a first electrode over the first substrate, a first electrochromic layer over the first electrode, an electrolyte layer over the first electrochromic layer, a second electrode over the electrolyte layer, and a second substrate over the second electrode. The first electrochromic layer contains tin oxide having an average primary particle diameter of less than 30 nm and an electrochromic compound containing a functional group bindable to the tin oxide. The amount by mole of the electrochromic compound per area of the first electrochromic layer is from 2.0×10.sup.−8 mol/cm.sup.2 through 2.0×10.sup.−7 mol/cm.sup.2.

Provided is an electrochromic display element including a first substrate, a first electrode over the first substrate, a first electrochromic layer over the first electrode, an electrolyte layer over the first electrochromic layer, a second electrode over the electrolyte layer, and a second substrate over the second electrode. The first electrochromic layer contains tin oxide having an average primary particle diameter of less than 30 nm and an electrochromic compound containing a functional group bindable to the tin oxide. The amount by mole of the electrochromic compound per area of the first electrochromic layer is from 2.0×10.sup.−8 mol/cm.sup.2 through 2.0×10.sup.−7 mol/cm.sup.2.

The photochromic compound is represented by the following general formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein, X denotes an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom unsubstituted or substituted by a substituent selected from the following Y.sup.1 group:
Y.sup.1 group: —R.sup.1, -A.sup.1(B.sup.1).sub.l(A.sup.2).sub.m(B.sup.2).sub.nR.sup.2, -A.sup.3A.sup.4, -A.sup.5R.sup.3
R.sup.1 denotes a cyano group or the like,
R.sup.2 denotes an alkyl group or the like,
R.sup.a denotes a halogen atom or the like,
A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, and A.sup.5 each independently denote an alkylene group or the like,
A.sup.4 denotes a naphthyl group which may be substituted,
B.sup.1 and B.sup.2 each independently denote any one of the divalent groups selected from the following group:

##STR00002##

l, m, and n are each independently 0 or 1, provided that n is 0 if m is 0,
Y.sup.2 denotes a hydrogen atom or the like,
R denotes a hydrogen atom or the like,

##STR00003##

denotes a norbornylidene group or the like.

The photochromic compound is represented by the following general formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein, X denotes an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom unsubstituted or substituted by a substituent selected from the following Y.sup.1 group:
Y.sup.1 group: —R.sup.1, -A.sup.1(B.sup.1).sub.l(A.sup.2).sub.m(B.sup.2).sub.nR.sup.2, -A.sup.3A.sup.4, -A.sup.5R.sup.3
R.sup.1 denotes a cyano group or the like,
R.sup.2 denotes an alkyl group or the like,
R.sup.a denotes a halogen atom or the like,
A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, and A.sup.5 each independently denote an alkylene group or the like,
A.sup.4 denotes a naphthyl group which may be substituted,
B.sup.1 and B.sup.2 each independently denote any one of the divalent groups selected from the following group:

##STR00002##

l, m, and n are each independently 0 or 1, provided that n is 0 if m is 0,
Y.sup.2 denotes a hydrogen atom or the like,
R denotes a hydrogen atom or the like,

##STR00003##

denotes a norbornylidene group or the like.