Cement slurries, cured cements, and methods of making cured cement and methods of using cement slurries are provided. The cement slurry contains water, a cement precursor material, an alcohol surfactant having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms and a carboxylic acid comprising an aliphatic chain having from 16 to 18 carbons. In some embodiments, the alcohol surfactant may comprise the formula R—(OC.sub.2H.sub.4).sub.x—OH where R is a hydrocarbyl group having from 10 to 20 carbons and x is an integer from 1 to 10. The cured cement contains water, cement, an alcohol surfactant having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms and a carboxylic acid comprising an aliphatic chain having from 16 to 18 carbons. In some embodiments, the alcohol surfactant may comprise the formula R—(OC.sub.2H.sub.4).sub.x—OH where R is a hydrocarbyl group having from 10 to 20 carbons and x is an integer from 1 to 10.

Cement slurries, cured cements, and methods of making cured cement and methods of using cement slurries are provided. The cement slurry contains water, a cement precursor material, an alcohol surfactant having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms and a carboxylic acid comprising an aliphatic chain having from 16 to 18 carbons. In some embodiments, the alcohol surfactant may comprise the formula R—(OC.sub.2H.sub.4).sub.x—OH where R is a hydrocarbyl group having from 10 to 20 carbons and x is an integer from 1 to 10. The cured cement contains water, cement, an alcohol surfactant having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms and a carboxylic acid comprising an aliphatic chain having from 16 to 18 carbons. In some embodiments, the alcohol surfactant may comprise the formula R—(OC.sub.2H.sub.4).sub.x—OH where R is a hydrocarbyl group having from 10 to 20 carbons and x is an integer from 1 to 10.

The disclosed invention is device for preparation of an emulsion and a method for producing an emulsion. The method comprises the steps of: (1) causing water and a water-insoluble substance that is to be emulsified to become freely miscible under conditions of temperature and pressure in the vicinity of the vapor-liquid critical point of water; and (2) cooling the product comprised of the water-insoluble substance and water solved each other in the presence of a surfactant to obtain a liquid comprised of the water-insoluble substance dispersed in water or a liquid comprised of water dispersed in the water-insoluble substance. The present invention provides a new device and a new method for producing emulsions with high efficiency without requiring a long period of processing or a great amount of energy.

A carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid salt containing a plurality of carbonyl groups, and a surfactant represented by the following formula:

R.sup.1C(O)R.sup.2C(O)R.sup.3-A

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are as defined herein, and A is COOX or SO.sub.3X, wherein X is H, a metal atom, NR.sup.4.sub.4, imidazolium optionally containing a substituent, pyridinium optionally containing a substituent, or phosphonium optionally containing a substituent, where R.sup.4s are each H or an organic group and are the same as or different from each other; and any two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 optionally bind to each other to form a ring.

Anti-bit balling drilling fluids and methods of making and using drilling fluids are provided. The anti-bit balling drilling fluid contains water, a clay-based component, and at least one of a surfactant having the formula: R(OC.sub.2H.sub.4).sub.xOH, where R is a hydrocarbyl group having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms and x is an integer from 1 and 10, or a polyethylene glycol having the formula: H(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.nOH, where n is an integer from 1 to 50. Methods of making and using these drilling fluids are also provided.

This disclosure provides a process for preparing transparent emulsions, in particular emulsions that are free of solvents such as propylene glycol, for use in producing clear beverages.

A solvent-free composition contains the following components: 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol, ethoxylates thereof, and polyethylene glycols, wherein the composition contains water and wherein the concentration of 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol is greater than 40% by weight, based on the composition.

A solvent-free composition contains the following components: 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol, ethoxylates thereof, and polyethylene glycols, wherein the composition contains water and wherein the concentration of 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol is greater than 40% by weight, based on the composition.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a well bore cementing system may comprise a spacer fluid and a cement slurry. The spacer fluid may be positioned within a well bore, and the spacer fluid may comprise a first surfactant package comprising one or more surfactants. The cement slurry may be positioned within the well bore, and the cement slurry may comprise a second surfactant package comprising one or more surfactants.

The invention relates to an emulsion for treating urea-containing fertilizers, containing an aqueous phase B and a non-aqueous phase A, which is emulsified with phase B, wherein phase A contains at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide of the general formula (I) and/or (thio)phosphoric acid diamide of the general formula (II), R.sup.1R.sup.2NP(X)(NH.sub.2).sub.2, R.sup.1OP(X)(NH.sub.2).sub.2 where X means oxygen or sulfur, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 mean, independently of each other, hydrogen, respectively substituted or unsubstituted 2-nitrophenyl, C.sub.1-10 alkyl, C.sub.3-10 cycloalkyl, C.sub.3-10 heterocycloalkyl, C.sub.6-10 aryl, C.sub.6-10 heteroaryl or diaminocarbonyl, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, together with the nitrogen atom connecting them, can also form a 5 or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic group, which can optionally also contain one or two additional heteroatoms, selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, as component A1, dissolved in an organic solvent, which is not miscible with water, as component A2, and wherein phase B 2-(N-3,4-dimethylpyrazole)succinic acid, which is present as dialkali salt, earth alkali salt, diammonium salt or a mixture thereof, as component B1, dissolved in water.