Provided is a novel technique related to electrochemical devices that can cause an electrochemical device to display excellent rate characteristics and high-temperature storage characteristics. The electrochemical device is produced using a dispersant composition for an electrochemical device that contains a polymer A. This polymer A includes a nitrile group-containing monomer unit and has an intrinsic viscosity of not less than 0.15 dL/g and less than 1.20 dL/g when dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and measured at a temperature of 25? C.

An object of the present invention is to provide a high-performance polymer dispersant that can be applied to cellulose being a hydrophilic substance, and another object of the present invention is to provide a technology for practical application of obtaining a cellulose-dispersed resin composition that realizes stable dispersion of cellulose in a simpler manner and in an environmentally conscious manner that never uses a large amount of organic solvents when the polymer dispersant for cellulose is applied to cellulose and disperses the cellulose in a thermoplastic resin. These objects are achieved by providing a polymer dispersant for cellulose, being a polymer compound including a block copolymer structure having a resin-affinitive segment A and a cellulose-adsorptive segment B, the polymer compound synthesized by a reversible chain transfer catalyzed polymerization (RTCP) method not using any of a heavy metal, a nitroxide compound, and a sulfur-based compound, using an organic iodine compound as an initiation compound, and using a phosphorus compound, a nitrogen compound, an oxygen compound, or a carbon compound as a catalyst.

An aqueous radiation curable dispersant formulation includes water and styrene acrylic resin stabilized thioxanthone derivative photoinitiator particles dispersed in the water. The styrene acrylic resin stabilized thioxanthone derivative photo initiator particles have a volume-weighted mean diameter of less than 40 nm. The styrene acrylic resin stabilized thioxanthone derivative photo initiator particles include a water-insoluble, thioxanthone derivative photoinitiator core having one, two, or three units. When the water-insoluble, thioxanthone derivative photoinitiator core includes two units or three units, the units are covalently bonded together.

From the viewpoint of a decrease in environmental impact in recent years, an object of the present invention is to effectively utilize lignin as a circulative biomass resource having high effect of reducing environmental impact. Specifically, the object is to provide a lignin derivative that can improve the dispersibility of various substances to be dispersed regardless of uses of cements, dyes, oil field drilling mud, and the like. The present invention provides a lignin derivative compound that is a reaction product of a lignin sulfonic acid-based compound with an aromatic water-soluble compound, and a dispersant containing the same. The lignin derivative compound preferably has an anionic functional group and/or a polyalkylene oxide chain.

Provided are a novel dispersant for suspension polymerization, and the like. The dispersion stabilizer for suspension polymerization includes a polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer (A) having an acetal skeleton having an ionic group.

There is provided a method for producing a carbon material dispersion, which makes it possible to simply produce a dispersion in which a carbon material containing a carbon nanotube is dispersed favorably without substantially producing a coarse aggregate, the dispersion excellent in viscosity stability. The method is a method for producing a carbon material dispersion, the method including a step (1) of subjecting a raw material containing: a carbon material containing a carbon nanotube; a dispersant; and a liquid medium to a stirring treatment to obtain a wetted mixture, and a step (2) of subjecting the wetted mixture to a dispersion treatment using a high-pressure homogenizer, wherein the high-pressure homogenizer is at least any one of a high-pressure homogenizer (A1) employing a system of allowing the wetted mixtures jetted by pressurization to collide with each other to form fine particles and a high-pressure homogenizer (A2) employing a system of introducing the wetted mixture pressurized into a collision chamber to form fine particles, and a two-stage dispersion treatment in which the inner diameter of the ejection nozzle and the treatment pressure are changed is performed.

There is provided a carbon material dispersion in which a carbon material containing a carbon nanotube is dispersed favorably without substantially producing a coarse aggregate irrespective of liquid compositions and dispersion methods, the carbon material dispersion excellent in viscosity stability. The carbon material dispersion excluding one that contains a volatile salt contains: a carbon material containing a carbon nanotube; a liquid medium; and a dispersant. The content of the dispersant in terms of solid content based on 100 parts by mass of the carbon material is 204 parts by mass or less, and when a dilute dispersion is obtained by diluting the carbon material dispersion with a diluent comprising the liquid medium such that absorbance at a wavelength W.sub.M, which is a median value of an arbitrary wavelength W.sub.L within a range of 350 to 550 nm and an arbitrary wavelength W.sub.H within a range of 650 to 850 nm, is 1.80.02, a ratio of absorbance A.sub.L at the wavelength W.sub.L to absorbance A.sub.H at the wavelength W.sub.H, (A.sub.L/A.sub.H), is 1.60 or more for the dilute dispersion.

Disclosed is a dispersing agent for agrochemicals, said dispersing agent which comprises a modified polyvinyl alcohol-based resin containing a structural unit having a nonionic hydrophilicity group in side chain, and having a saponification degree of 95 mol % or more. The dispersing agent for agrochemicals can provide a dispersion in which a hardly water-soluble agrochemical active ingredient employed for a dispersoid is dispersed in a stable state even in the case where the dispersoid has a relatively large particle size.

Well treatment fluids may include solid particles comprising one or more components selected from the group consisting of urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, barium hydroxide, and ammonium thiocyanate. These well treatment fluids may also include a carrier fluid, which may be an aqueous polymeric fluid, an oil, or combinations thereof. The aqueous polymeric fluid may include a polymer selected from the group consisting of guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar, carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guar, cellulose, or polyacrylamide. The oil may include a material selected from the group consisting of diesel, mineral oil, and wax. Methods for reducing an acid carbonate reaction in a carbonate formation may include pumping a composition of solid particles into a formation; releasing the solid particles from the capsules or emulsion within the formation; and injecting an acid following the releasing step or during pumping, wherein the acid carbonate reaction is carried out at a reduced reaction rate.

Well treatment fluids may include solid particles comprising one or more components selected from the group consisting of urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, barium hydroxide, and ammonium thiocyanate. These well treatment fluids may also include a carrier fluid, which may be an aqueous polymeric fluid, an oil, or combinations thereof. The aqueous polymeric fluid may include a polymer selected from the group consisting of guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar, carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guar, cellulose, or polyacrylamide. The oil may include a material selected from the group consisting of diesel, mineral oil, and wax. Methods for reducing an acid carbonate reaction in a carbonate formation may include pumping a composition of solid particles into a formation; releasing the solid particles from the capsules or emulsion within the formation; and injecting an acid following the releasing step or during pumping, wherein the acid carbonate reaction is carried out at a reduced reaction rate.