Methods and systems for enhancing acid fracture conductivity of acid fracture treatments on subterranean formations are provided. An example method of acid fracture treatment includes initiating fracturing of a subterranean formation in which a wellbore is formed to create a formation fracture, after initiating the fracturing for a period of time, injecting an acidic fluid into the wellbore to etch walls of the formation fracture to thereby create fracture conductivity, introducing a gas into the wellbore to foam fluids in the wellbore, and increasing a foam quality of the fluids with time during the treatment. The foam quality is based on a volume of the introduced gas and a total volume of the fluids in the wellbore.

Methods and systems for enhancing acid fracture conductivity of acid fracture treatments on subterranean formations are provided. An example method of acid fracture treatment includes initiating fracturing of a subterranean formation in which a wellbore is formed to create a formation fracture, after initiating the fracturing for a period of time, injecting an acidic fluid into the wellbore to etch walls of the formation fracture to thereby create fracture conductivity, introducing a gas into the wellbore to foam fluids in the wellbore, and increasing a foam quality of the fluids with time during the treatment. The foam quality is based on a volume of the introduced gas and a total volume of the fluids in the wellbore.

Provided are compositions, methods, and systems that relate to use of viscoelastic surfactant gels in well perforation. A method for well treatment comprising: introducing a viscoelastic surfactant gel into a wellbore; and forming one or more perforation channels in an interval of the wellbore while the viscoelastic surfactant gel is disposed in the wellbore. A method for well treatment comprising: introducing a viscoelastic surfactant gel into a wellbore over an interval of the wellbore to be perforated; disposing a perforating gun into the wellbore such that the viscoelastic surfactant gel is disposed between the perforating gun and a casing of the wellbore; and forming one or more perforation channels in the interval of the wellbore. A downhole perforating system comprising: a perforating gun disposed at a distal end of a work string; and a viscoelastic surfactant gel.

Systems and methods of optimizing stimulation fluids in the form of a hydrocarbon foam, an emulsion based foam, an emulsion, and a gelled stimulation fluid, each comprising Y-Grade NGL, which is an unfractionated hydrocarbon mixture that comprises ethane, propane, butane, isobutane, and pentane plus, wherein the unfractionated hydrocarbon mixture is a byproduct of a condensed and demethanized hydrocarbon stream.

A viscoelastic surfactant treatment fluid comprises an aqueous base fluid an inorganic salt, the inorganic salt being present in an amount of greater than about 5 wt. % based on the total weight of the treatment fluid; a viscoelastic surfactant gelling agent effective to gel the aqueous base fluid by forming a plurality of micelles; and a cationic polymer additive associated with the micelles via electrostatic interactions.

A system and method for hydraulic fracturing a subterranean formation with fracturing fluid to generate fractures, and intermittently adjusting a characteristic of the fracturing fluid conveying proppant to form pillars of proppant in the fractures.

A system and method for hydraulic fracturing a subterranean formation with fracturing fluid to generate fractures, and intermittently adjusting a characteristic of the fracturing fluid conveying proppant to form pillars of proppant in the fractures.

Stimulation treatments are designed and performed in a manner that takes into account radial acid flow into the formation. A reservoir core plug is selected and a liner core flow test is performed. The core flow test comprises measuring a flowing fraction, injecting into the core plug a treatment volume of at least one candidate stimulation fluid at an injection rate at reservoir conditions, and measuring an effective reaction rate constant. The linear flow data are then scaled to radial flow. A skin, an acid concentration at a wormhole tip and a fluid velocity at a wormhole tip are calculated. A stimulation treatment is then performed. The method can also be performed on analog cores. The stimulation treatment may be matrix acidizing, fracture acidizing or acidizing natural fractures.

The present invention relates to processes employing industrial streams, including glycerol-containing by-products of triglyceride processing as well as waste glycol streams recovered from several sources, to produce oil well drilling, completion and hydrofracturing fluids.

A viscosified aqueous solution, optionally for use in a subterranean wellbore, is made by reacting in aqueous solution (i) an initial polymer with either carboxylic acid or amino groups on its polymer chain, (ii) a second compound with an amino group or carboxylic acid group, and (iii) a coupling agent, so that molecules of the second compound join to the polymer chain through amide groups, thereby forming an aqueous solution of a modified polymer which, without separation from the aqueous solution, participates in cross-linking thereby enhancing viscosity of the solution. The second compound may include hydrophobic groups so that the modified polymer contains hydrophobic groups and is able to cross-link with itself or a viscoelastic surfactant through association of hydrophobic groups (without covalent bond formation) in aqueous solution. Such cross-links can reform after the fluid has been subjected to shear.