In various embodiments, disclosed herein is a device comprising a non-planar surface, wherein nanostructures are fabricated on the non-planar surface. Also provided herein are methods of making and using a device comprising a non-planar surface, wherein nanostructures are fabricated on the non-planar surface. Further provided herein are methods of using a device comprising one or more non-planar surfaces, wherein the non-planar surfaces comprise one or more microstructures or nanostructures, comprising the steps: (a) using the device for its ordinary purpose; and (b) wherein the microstructures or nanostructures present in the device prevent proliferation of bacteria.

In various embodiments, disclosed herein is a device comprising a non-planar surface, wherein nanostructures are fabricated on the non-planar surface. Also provided herein are methods of making and using a device comprising a non-planar surface, wherein nanostructures are fabricated on the non-planar surface. Further provided herein are methods of using a device comprising one or more non-planar surfaces, wherein the non-planar surfaces comprise one or more microstructures or nanostructures, comprising the steps: (a) using the device for its ordinary purpose; and (b) wherein the microstructures or nanostructures present in the device prevent proliferation of bacteria.

An ice pack comprises a plastic sac with an external surface, the plastic sac forming an interior chamber, a substance within the interior chamber capable of absorbing thermal energy, and a coating, which contains one or more antimicrobial agents, on the external surface. The substance can comprise water, including polymer beads mixed with the water. The one or more antimicrobial agents can include a quaternary ammonium ion or salt thereof, such as a silane quaternary ammonium ion or salt thereof. The silane quaternary ammonium ion or salt thereof can be 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium ion, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride, 3-(trihydroxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium ion, or 3-(trihydroxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride. Instead of an ice pack, the apparatus comprising the coating containing one or more antimicrobial agents can be an object that is used around injured people and/or perishable items such as heating pads, coolers, and ice pack carriers.

An ice pack comprises a plastic sac with an external surface, the plastic sac forming an interior chamber, a substance within the interior chamber capable of absorbing thermal energy, and a coating, which contains one or more antimicrobial agents, on the external surface. The substance can comprise water, including polymer beads mixed with the water. The one or more antimicrobial agents can include a quaternary ammonium ion or salt thereof, such as a silane quaternary ammonium ion or salt thereof. The silane quaternary ammonium ion or salt thereof can be 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium ion, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride, 3-(trihydroxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium ion, or 3-(trihydroxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride. Instead of an ice pack, the apparatus comprising the coating containing one or more antimicrobial agents can be an object that is used around injured people and/or perishable items such as heating pads, coolers, and ice pack carriers.

Disclosed is an antimicrobial air permeable substrate comprising a high concentration of a dry powder. Also disclosed is the use of the antimicrobial material to kill, denature or otherwise deactivate microbes, particularly airborne or droplet-borne microbes.

The invention also relates to a functionalised fabric that will deactivate air borne virus upon contact. In particular, it relates to a fabric within which is contained an active compound or compounds that have been demonstrated to deactivate air borne virus and other pathogens when said virus or pathogens make contact with the active compound within the fabric. The active compound or compounds described are harmless to humans, animals, marine and plant life and are prolifically available from sustainable resources.

Disclosed is an antimicrobial air permeable substrate comprising a high concentration of a dry powder. Also disclosed is the use of the antimicrobial material to kill, denature or otherwise deactivate microbes, particularly airborne or droplet-borne microbes.

The invention also relates to a functionalised fabric that will deactivate air borne virus upon contact. In particular, it relates to a fabric within which is contained an active compound or compounds that have been demonstrated to deactivate air borne virus and other pathogens when said virus or pathogens make contact with the active compound within the fabric. The active compound or compounds described are harmless to humans, animals, marine and plant life and are prolifically available from sustainable resources.

Provided are both a superabsorbent polymer capable of continuously and safely exhibiting an improved bacterial growth inhibitory property and a deodorant property without deterioration in the physical properties of the superabsorbent polymer, such as water retention capacity, absorption under pressure, etc., as well as a preparation method for the superabsorbent polymer.

Provided are both a superabsorbent polymer capable of continuously and safely exhibiting an improved bacterial growth inhibitory property and a deodorant property without deterioration in the physical properties of the superabsorbent polymer, such as water retention capacity, absorption under pressure, etc., as well as a preparation method for the superabsorbent polymer.

Methods for applying a coating to a surface of a substrate for inhibition and prevention of implant-associated complications (including implant-associated infections), methods for inhibiting and preventing implant-associated complications (including implant-associated infections), implant-associated infection inhibiting coatings, and coated devices are provided. Coating processes include a) providing a saturated or supersaturated solution of an antibiotic in a fast-evaporating or medium-evaporating organic solvent; b) coating the surface of the substrate with at least one application of solution, each application followed directly by a solvent evaporation period.

Methods for applying a coating to a surface of a substrate for inhibition and prevention of implant-associated complications (including implant-associated infections), methods for inhibiting and preventing implant-associated complications (including implant-associated infections), implant-associated infection inhibiting coatings, and coated devices are provided. Coating processes include a) providing a saturated or supersaturated solution of an antibiotic in a fast-evaporating or medium-evaporating organic solvent; b) coating the surface of the substrate with at least one application of solution, each application followed directly by a solvent evaporation period.