The invention relates to the field of organic substance processing, in particular to the method for processing the shredded wood waste, plant industry products, food industry waste, livestock and poultry waste. Products obtained during the thermal processing of organo-containing raw materials can be used as a fuel. The method comprises drying, hermetic supply of raw materials to the pyrolysis reactor, thermal decomposition of raw materials without air access in the pyrolysis reactor to produce solid products and vapour-gas mixture, the subsequent separation of it by condensation into liquid products and gaseous products. After drying, the organo-containing raw material before supply into the pyrolysis reactor is preheated to a temperature close to, but not exceeding the initiation temperature of thermal decomposition of the least thermally stable component of organo-containing materials Surfaces of the chamber are heated to a temperature which excludes the condensation of pyrolysis vapour-gas products, and raw material heating temperature is controlled by duration of stay in the preheating zone; Thermal decomposition is implemented in the form of the following successive stages occurring in corresponding zones of the pyrolysis reactor, having the possibility of independent temperature control: primary pyrolysis zone, vapour-gas mixture purification zone, secondary pyrolysis zone The installation for thermochemical conversion of organo-containing raw materials comprises a drying chamber, a hermetic raw material supply chamber, a pyrolysis reactor, a device for independent and elastic setting of the inclination angle of blades, a condensation unit. The pyrolysis reactor have a surface rotating with at least one blade and a rotation axis coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the pyrolysis reactor, and at least one ablation surface of circular or elliptical section, perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating surface. The hermetic raw material supply chamber is equipped with raw material heating means. The pyrolysis reactor workspace is divided along the path of raw materials into the following successive zones equipped with independent heating devicesa primary pyrolysis zone, a vapour-gas cleaning zone, equipped with a device for separation and return of incomplete destruction products, and a secondary pyrolysis zone. The use of the claimed group of inventions allows increasing the efficiency of the process of thermochemical conversion of organo-containing raw materials.

A waste wood sleeper pyrolysis apparatus of a hybrid heating type includes a plurality of reactor containers arranged side by side, each having a space in which a waste wood sleeper is placed, a movement rail arranged parallel to an end of one side and an end of the other side of each of the plurality of reactor containers, and a microwave applicator coupled to the movement rail and including a plurality of microwave generators that move to upper portions of the plurality of reactor containers to transmit microwaves into the plurality of reactor containers.

The invention relates to a multi-level furnace for thermal treatment of the material flow which has at least two process chambers arranged one above another, each providing at least two level floors, and is equipped with one or more transfer devices for transferring the treated material flow from an upper process chamber to a lower process chamber. In order to separate the two process chambers in terms of gas flow, the transfer device has means for forming a material column in the transition region between the upper and the lower process spaces, wherein said means for forming a material column comprise at least one conveying unit or at least one chute, and the at least one conveying unit or at least one chute also forms a material removal device for the upper process chamber and/or a material input device for the lower process chamber.

The invention relates to a multi-level furnace for thermal treatment of the material flow which has at least two process chambers arranged one above another, each providing at least two level floors, and is equipped with one or more transfer devices for transferring the treated material flow from an upper process chamber to a lower process chamber. In order to separate the two process chambers in terms of gas flow, the transfer device has means for forming a material column in the transition region between the upper and the lower process spaces, wherein said means for forming a material column comprise at least one conveying unit or at least one chute, and the at least one conveying unit or at least one chute also forms a material removal device for the upper process chamber and/or a material input device for the lower process chamber.

A plastic pyrolytic conversion vessel comprises a conveying mechanism for moving a liquid, or a semi-molten, or a molten waste material, or a solid inert residue, or any combination thereof through the vessel. During pyrolyzation of the waste material, the same is heated and vaporized and undergoes in situ chemical reactions comprising cracking, recombination, reforming, recracking, and the like, and is subsequently removed from the vessel. A plurality of scraper blades serve to mix the liquid, or the semi-molten, or the molten waste material, or a solid inert residue, or any combination thereof and convey the waste material forward toward a vessel egress. In another embodiment, one or more sweeping devices serve to move forward the waste material that is located between adjacent rotating conveyor devices.

A plastic pyrolytic conversion vessel comprises a conveying mechanism for moving a liquid, or a semi-molten, or a molten waste material, or a solid inert residue, or any combination thereof through the vessel. During pyrolyzation of the waste material, the same is heated and vaporized and undergoes in situ chemical reactions comprising cracking, recombination, reforming, recracking, and the like, and is subsequently removed from the vessel. A plurality of scraper blades serve to mix the liquid, or the semi-molten, or the molten waste material, or a solid inert residue, or any combination thereof and convey the waste material forward toward a vessel egress. In another embodiment, one or more sweeping devices serve to move forward the waste material that is located between adjacent rotating conveyor devices.

A method for thermally decomposing a carbonaceous waste material including: filling a reactor defined by a reactor wall with the waste material and an auxiliary material, resulting in a reactor content, the auxiliary material including abrasive particles; heating the reactor contents in the absence of oxygen, such that gaseous products are formed by pyrolysis of the waste material and the abrasive particles do not melt or thermally decompose; moving the reactor contents during the pyrolysis, the moving being adapted to mix the reactor contents and to cause the abrasive particles to scrape over at least parts of the reactor wall. The auxiliary material has a composition to include a component adapted to bind halogens present in the gaseous products and/or so that the brittleness of the auxiliary material is greater than the brittleness of the reactor wall.

A method, system, and apparatus for decomposing a biomass feedstock include providing a layer of inert particulate matter, such as sand, to line and insulate the bottom surface of a main chamber of a reactor where pyrolysis and oxidation are conducted to produce char and producer gases as primary products. In an embodiment, feedstock positioned in a side region of the reaction chamber insulates side walls of the main chamber from heat in the center region of the main chamber. In an embodiment of the method, a rate of removal of solid products such as char from the reactor is controlled in response to a temperature detected at a position of an extraction tube inlet of the reactor. Activated charcoal may be obtained as a primary product using the system and method, by feeding oxygen into the reactor at an inlet positioned adjacent to an inlet to the extraction chamber.

A method, system, and apparatus for decomposing a biomass feedstock include providing a layer of inert particulate matter, such as sand, to line and insulate the bottom surface of a main chamber of a reactor where pyrolysis and oxidation are conducted to produce char and producer gases as primary products. In an embodiment, feedstock positioned in a side region of the reaction chamber insulates side walls of the main chamber from heat in the center region of the main chamber. In an embodiment of the method, a rate of removal of solid products such as char from the reactor is controlled in response to a temperature detected at a position of an extraction tube inlet of the reactor. Activated charcoal may be obtained as a primary product using the system and method, by feeding oxygen into the reactor at an inlet positioned adjacent to an inlet to the extraction chamber.