Ultra-clean char and ultra-clean gaseous hydrocarbons are produced from a carbon-based feedstock to generate maximum efficiency uniform heat and/or electricity in a clean environmentally friendly process. The ultra-clean char and ultra-clean gaseous hydrocarbon streams are produced by pyrolizing organic matter, such as coal or pet coke or any other carbon-based material including land, sea, plastics and industrial waste. The pyrolized organic matter may be combusted in the presence of oxygen to produce heat, which can be used to generate electricity in a conventional boiler/generator system. Further, pyrolized organic matter can be combusted in the presence of carbon dioxide and further processed to produce various hydrocarbons. In other embodiments, the ultra-clean post-combustion ash may be subjected to an extraction process for capturing valuable rare earth elements.

A process for the non-oxidative thermal degradation of a rubber containing waste including: transporting the rubber containing waste along a horizontal axis of a hermetically sealed cylindrical reactor including: an inlet and an outlet, one or more thermal reaction zones arranged between the inlet and the outlet, wherein each zone is provided with: one or more heating elements controllable to heat the zone to an operating temperature, and one or more gas outlets for withdrawing volatile gas or gases evolved during the thermal degradation; and a screw auger located within the reactor, the screw augur configured to rotate in both the forward and reverse directions to agitate and transport the rubber containing waste through the reaction zones and to the outlet; heating the said waste, in the one or more thermal zones, to a temperature above the degradation temperature of rubber for a time sufficient to produce the volatile gas or gases and the char product.

A process for the non-oxidative thermal degradation of a rubber containing waste including: transporting the rubber containing waste along a horizontal axis of a hermetically sealed cylindrical reactor including: an inlet and an outlet, one or more thermal reaction zones arranged between the inlet and the outlet, wherein each zone is provided with: one or more heating elements controllable to heat the zone to an operating temperature, and one or more gas outlets for withdrawing volatile gas or gases evolved during the thermal degradation; and a screw auger located within the reactor, the screw augur configured to rotate in both the forward and reverse directions to agitate and transport the rubber containing waste through the reaction zones and to the outlet; heating the said waste, in the one or more thermal zones, to a temperature above the degradation temperature of rubber for a time sufficient to produce the volatile gas or gases and the char product.

Disclosed is a hydrogen production system using a biochar oven, the system including: a vertical pyrolysis furnace into which a pyrolysis target including at least one of waste plastic and fossil fuel is supplied in a free fall scheme by its own weight; a plate-shaped flameless heater configured to heat the vertical pyrolysis furnace such that a high-temperature atmosphere of 800 to 1300? C. is generated therein; a solid-gas separator installed under a bottom of the vertical pyrolysis furnace and configured to receive a biochar-gas mixture produced from the vertical pyrolysis furnace and to separate the biochar-gas mixture into the BOG and the biochar and to discharge the BOG and the biochar; and a BOG purification unit configured to receive therein the biochar separated using the solid-gas separator therefrom, and use the received biochar as an adsorbent, wherein the BOG separated using the solid-gas separator passes through the received biochar in the BOG purification unit such that impurities contained in the BOG are removed therefrom.

Disclosed is a hydrogen production system using a biochar oven, the system including: a vertical pyrolysis furnace into which a pyrolysis target including at least one of waste plastic and fossil fuel is supplied in a free fall scheme by its own weight; a plate-shaped flameless heater configured to heat the vertical pyrolysis furnace such that a high-temperature atmosphere of 800 to 1300? C. is generated therein; a solid-gas separator installed under a bottom of the vertical pyrolysis furnace and configured to receive a biochar-gas mixture produced from the vertical pyrolysis furnace and to separate the biochar-gas mixture into the BOG and the biochar and to discharge the BOG and the biochar; and a BOG purification unit configured to receive therein the biochar separated using the solid-gas separator therefrom, and use the received biochar as an adsorbent, wherein the BOG separated using the solid-gas separator passes through the received biochar in the BOG purification unit such that impurities contained in the BOG are removed therefrom.

A plant, comprising: a pyrolysis reactor configured to heat molten mixed plastic waste to produce: pyrolysis gases at a first temperature of around 350 C. to 425 C.; and pyrolysis slurry or pyrolysis char at a second temperature of 722 C. to 1400 C.

Mixture products containing charred products and coal or coke, and associated systems, devices and methods are disclosed herein. The charred product components of the mixture products can be made by receiving an input material in an oven, and heating the oven containing the input material to a predetermined temperature of at least 900? F. for a predetermined time of no more than 48 hours to produce a charred product. Advantageously, embodiments of the present technology can enable a more efficient mixture product production process. The resulting mixture products can also have higher quality in terms of desired Coke Strength After Reaction (CSR), Coke Reactivity Index (CRI), volatile matter content, ash content, sulfur content, grain size, etc.

Mixture products containing charred products and coal or coke, and associated systems, devices and methods are disclosed herein. The charred product components of the mixture products can be made by receiving an input material in an oven, and heating the oven containing the input material to a predetermined temperature of at least 900? F. for a predetermined time of no more than 48 hours to produce a charred product. Advantageously, embodiments of the present technology can enable a more efficient mixture product production process. The resulting mixture products can also have higher quality in terms of desired Coke Strength After Reaction (CSR), Coke Reactivity Index (CRI), volatile matter content, ash content, sulfur content, grain size, etc.

Methods and systems for coking coal blends to produce foundry coke products are disclosed herein. Methods for producing coke products can include charging a coal blend into a coke oven; and heating the charged coal blend such that a crown temperature of the coke oven is greater than a lower bound coking temperature. The pyrolysis duration begins when the crown temperature of the oven is greater than the lower bound coking temperature, and ends when the crown temperature of the oven is less than the lower bound coking temperature.

Methods and systems for coking coal blends to produce foundry coke products are disclosed herein. Methods for producing coke products can include charging a coal blend into a coke oven; and heating the charged coal blend such that a crown temperature of the coke oven is greater than a lower bound coking temperature. The pyrolysis duration begins when the crown temperature of the oven is greater than the lower bound coking temperature, and ends when the crown temperature of the oven is less than the lower bound coking temperature.