Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains.

Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydro-carbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains.

Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains.

A method of preparing graphene from coal can include thermally processing raw coal and, after the coal has been at least partially cooled from thermal processing, forming reduced graphene oxide from the coal.

A pitch composition suitable for spinning may comprise: a pitch having a softening point temperature (T.sub.sp) of 400 C. or less, and an oxidation onset temperature (OOT) at least 10 C. below the T.sub.sp at a ramp rate of 10 C./min. A carbon fiber may comprise: a carbon fiber produced from a pitch composition, wherein the pitch composition comprises: a pitch having a softening point temperature (T.sub.sp) of 400 C. or less, and an oxidation onset temperature (OOT) at least 10 C. below the T.sub.sp at a ramp rate of 10 C./min.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to processes for preparation of a carbon foam material, the process comprising devolatization of coal-derived pitches or extracts at atmospheric pressure near green coke temperatures, thereby forming a solid coke-like material. In a further aspect, the process can further comprise grinding the solid coke-like material to a powder, providing the ground powder to a mold, and then reheating above green coking temperature (e.g., >600 C.) to further devolatize the material and form a porous solid foam material. The process further provides carbon materials such as carbon composite materials and sp2-hybridized carbon in the form of graphene oxide or graphene. In various aspects, the disclosure relates to the carbon foam and other materials prepared using the disclosed processes. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains.

The invention provides methods for pelletizing oil liquids by inducing endogenous asphaltenes in the liquid to form a resilient external layer on an aliquot of the bituminous liquid.

The present invention relates to a method for producing an impregnated pitch from a petroleum-based raw material and to an impregnated pitch produced using the same, and when the method for producing an impregnated pitch according to the present invention is used, it is possible to produce an impregnated pitch having a high carbonization yield (40 wt % or more) and low quinoline insoluble matter (QI, 2% or less) for improving efficiency of an impregnation process from a petroleum-based raw material. Therefore, when an impregnation process is applied to a carbon compact by using the impregnated pitch according to the present invention, it is possible to remarkably reduce micropores inside the carbon compact, and to produce a carbon compact having physical properties such as excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical strength.

The invention relates to a process for treating a hydrocarbon-based feedstock, comprising a) a step of extracting the feedstock, b) a step of separating the fraction comprising de-asphalted oil, c) an optional step of injecting a withdrawal flux into the fraction comprising asphalt, d) an optional step of separating the fraction comprising asphalt and solvent or solvent mixture obtained from the extraction step a), e) an optional step of injecting a withdrawal flux into the asphalt fraction alone or as a mixture with a withdrawal flux obtained from step d) and an integrated step of conditioning the asphalt fraction obtained from steps a) and/or c) and/or d) and/or e), in solid form, performed in successive or simultaneous substeps.