Hydropyrolysis processes are described, in which differing types of feedstocks, including at least one biorenewable feedstock, namely a biomass-containing feedstock, may be co-processed to allow enhancements in operating conditions and/or product properties, depending on changing customer requirements and/or overall market demands. According to specific embodiments, an aliphatic hydrocarbon precursor or an aromatic hydrocarbon precursor is co-processed with the biomass-containing feedstock to enhance an operating condition (e.g., a reactor temperature profile) of the hydropyrolysis process and/or a property (e.g., cetane number) of a liquid product (e.g., a diesel boiling range fraction) obtained from a substantially fully deoxygenated hydrocarbon liquid.

The present disclosure provides a process for preparing a hydrocarbon fuel from waste rubber. The process involves admixing, in a reaction vessel, at least one fluid medium with the waste rubber to obtain a slurry; wherein the concentration of the waste rubber in the slurry ranges from 45% to 70%. A reactor is charged with the slurry and a predetermined amount of at least one catalyst composition to obtain a mixture, followed by introduction of hydrogen to the reactor to attain a predetermined pressure and heating the mixture at a predetermined temperature, to attain an autogenously generated pressure, and for a predetermined time period to obtain a reaction mass comprising the hydrocarbon fuel. This reaction mass comprising the hydrocarbon fuel is then cooled to obtain a cooled reaction mass. The hydrocarbon fuel is then separated from the cooled reaction mass.

The present disclosure provides a process for preparing a hydrocarbon fuel from waste rubber. The process involves admixing, in a reaction vessel, at least one fluid medium with the waste rubber to obtain a slurry; wherein the concentration of the waste rubber in the slurry ranges from 45% to 70%. A reactor is charged with the slurry and a predetermined amount of at least one catalyst composition to obtain a mixture, followed by introduction of hydrogen to the reactor to attain a predetermined pressure and heating the mixture at a predetermined temperature, to attain an autogenously generated pressure, and for a predetermined time period to obtain a reaction mass comprising the hydrocarbon fuel. This reaction mass comprising the hydrocarbon fuel is then cooled to obtain a cooled reaction mass. The hydrocarbon fuel is then separated from the cooled reaction mass.

The presently disclosed subject matter relates to an industrial system for processing various plant materials to produce marketable materials. Particularly, the system integrates subcritical water extraction technology and includes a pre-processing module and a two-stage extractor (processing module) with constant control of temperature, pressure, and/or residence time. In some embodiments, the final product of the disclosed system can include feedstock constituents for biofuel production (sugars and/or oil), biochar, raw materials for various industries (such as pulp for manufacturing paper or cellulose for use in various industries). The disclosed system can be modular or non-modular, stationary or mobile, and can include prefabricated elements with programmed automatic or manual operation so that it can be easily moved and/or assembled on site.

A waste material process reactor is configured to convers waste to fuel by exposing a carbon-based material to liquid media to form hydrocarbon fuel. Heat exchangers, power generation processes and combustion turbine exhaust apparatus are also provided. Fuel generation processes and generation systems are provided. Reaction media conduit systems as well as processes for servicing reactant media pumps coupled to both inlet and outlet conduits containing reactant media, are also provided.

A waste material process reactor is configured to convers waste to fuel by exposing a carbon-based material to liquid media to form hydrocarbon fuel. Heat exchangers, power generation processes and combustion turbine exhaust apparatus are also provided. Fuel generation processes and generation systems are provided. Reaction media conduit systems as well as processes for servicing reactant media pumps coupled to both inlet and outlet conduits containing reactant media, are also provided.

The present disclosure provides a process for converting plastic comprising a polyolefin polymer to a lubricant. The process comprises contacting the plastic with a catalyst represented by

A/[R.sub.mQ.sub.n].

The present disclosure provides a process for converting plastic comprising a polyolefin polymer to a lubricant. The process comprises contacting the plastic with a catalyst represented by

A/[R.sub.mQ.sub.n].

A method may include: hydropyrolyzing a bio feedstock in a hydropyrolysis unit to produce at least a hydropyrolysis oil; introducing at least a portion of the hydropyrolysis oil with a hydrocarbon co-feed into a fluidized catalytic cracking unit; and cracking the hydropyrolysis oil in the fluidized catalytic cracking unit to produce at least fuel range hydrocarbons.

A method may include: hydropyrolyzing a bio feedstock in a hydropyrolysis unit to produce at least a hydropyrolysis oil; introducing at least a portion of the hydropyrolysis oil with a hydrocarbon co-feed into a fluidized catalytic cracking unit; and cracking the hydropyrolysis oil in the fluidized catalytic cracking unit to produce at least fuel range hydrocarbons.