Systems and methods are provided for hydroprocessing of bio-derived feeds, such as bio-oils and/or other types of feeds including triglycerides, fatty acids, and/or fatty acid derivatives. The systems and methods can assist with maintaining a desired temperature profile within a reactor while performing hydroprocessing on a feed with substantial oxygen content. In various aspects, the initial bed of the reactor can be exposed to 30 vol % or less of the total fresh feed. The remaining portions of the fresh feed can be introduced below one or more of the catalyst beds in the reactor. By reducing or minimizing the amount of fresh feed introduced upstream from the initial catalyst bed that contains a catalyst with hydrodeoxygenation activity, the net amount of product recycle can be reduced or minimized while still maintaining a target temperature profile across individual catalyst beds and/or across the reactor.

A method for conversion of food waste to biofuel can include a first fermentation in which food waste is converted C.sub.2-C.sub.4 short-chain carboxylic acids, and a second fermentation in which the C.sub.2-C.sub.4 short-chain carboxylic acid are elongated into C.sub.5-C.sub.8 medium-chain carboxylic acids. Medium-chain carboxylic acids can undergo hydrogenation-dehydration of the medium-chain carboxylic acids into C.sub.5-C.sub.8 linear olefins. The C.sub.5-C.sub.8 linear olefins are then oligomerized to a C.sub.10-C.sub.25 mixture comprising olefins, paraffin, cycloparaffins, and aromatics through dimerization; and saturated to C.sub.10-C.sub.25 mixture by hydrogenation to produce the biofuel.

A method for forming a desired hydrocarbon fuel product from a mixed oxygenate feedstock by utilizing chemical processes to form ketones from the oxygenate feed, upgrade the ketones, recycle selected upgraded ketones through the upgrading process to obtain a desired intermediate and hydrogenating the desired intermediate to obtain the desired hydrocarbon fuel product. In various alternative configurations and embodiments this can be accomplished in a number of ways, and originate in a number of different positions and occasions.

Methods are disclosed for manufacturing and using diesel fuel components having a cetane number improver and a renewable fuel component manufactured by hydrotreating and isomerising renewable raw material.

Systems and methods to provide renewable transportation fuels for internal combustion engines by converting renewable feedstocks into two or more intermediate hydrocarbon blend stocks and blending at least two of the two or more intermediate hydrocarbon blend stocks to produce the renewable transportation fuel. Methods and/or processes may include selecting sugar from a sugar source and introducing the sugar into one or more reactors. The sugar may be converted into an intermediate renewable hydrocarbon blend stock and sent to a separation unit to separate out an intermediate renewable gasoline unit. The process may include selecting and converting a lipid from a lipid source into a renewable diesel product. The renewable diesel product may be sent to a second separation unit to separate out renewable diesel and a low-grade naphtha. The low-grade naphtha and intermediate renewable gasoline may be blended to define a finished renewable gasoline.

The present disclosure relate to a process plant and a method for production of a hydrocarbon mixture from a feedstock stream comprising oxygenates and a make-up hydrogen gas stream, involving directing a feed stream, comprising the feedstock stream comprising oxygenates, the make-up hydrogen gas stream and a hydrogen rich gas stream, to contact a material catalytically active in deoxygenation under active deoxygenation conditions and withdrawing a deoxygenated product stream, characterized in the hydrogen rich gas stream comprising at least 70 vol % hydrogen, at least 0.1 vol % carbon oxides and at least 50 ppm.sub.vol H.sub.2S, with the associated benefit that such a method, where carbon oxides are allowed to be present may be realized without requiring a step of purifying said recycled hydrogen rich gas stream, e.g. by use of an amine wash.

A process is disclosed for producing renewable products, such as a renewable base oil, from a feedstock of biological origin. The process includes subjecting a feedstock containing free fatty acids and fatty acid glycerides, wherein at least one hydrocarbon chain is unsaturated, to esterification reaction in the presence of an alcohol. An ester stream thereby obtained is then subjected to metathesis conditions in the presence of a renewable alkene to obtain a metathesis product. Separation of the metathesis product includes recovery of a fraction containing or consisting essentially of C16 fatty acid esters, which is subjected to ketonisation reaction conditions to produce long chain ketones, which after hydrotreatment meet requirements for a renewable base oil. Ketonisation reaction produces renewable alkene usable in metathesis reaction.

The invention discloses methods for manufacturing and using a diesel fuel composition comprising a cetane number improver, a fossil fuel component, and a hydrotreated renewable fuel component manufactured by hydrotreating and isomerising renewable raw material.

A method for producing a bio-jet fuel includes a reaction step of hydrogenating, isomerizing, and decomposing a crude oil obtained by a deoxygenation treatment of a raw oil containing a triglyceride and/or a free fatty acid, by using a hydrogenation catalyst and an isomerization catalyst in a hydrogen atmosphere under conditions of a reaction temperature of 180° C. to 350° C. and a pressure of 0.1 MPa to 30 MPa.

A method for producing renewable diesel includes introducing a primary feedstock comprising biologically-derived triglycerides with catalyst poisons into a first reaction chamber and hydrolyzing the primary feedstock within the first reaction and liquid-liquid extraction chamber for at least an hour such that the reacted triglycerides are separated into an aqueous solution comprising glycerol and catalyst poisons, and an intermediate feedstock comprising free fatty acids and catalyst poisons. The method also includes distilling the intermediate feedstock to separate the intermediate feedstock into a purified intermediate stream and a lower volume bottom stream containing unreacted triglyceride, diglyceride, monoglyceride, FFA and catalyst poisons. The method also includes combining the purified intermediate feedstock with a hydrogen stream and converting, in a second reaction chamber comprising a metallic catalyst bed, the purified intermediate feedstock into a product comprising long-chain alkanes. The method also includes hydrotreating the purified intermediate feedstock into a renewable diesel product.