Apparatuses and processes for converting an oxygenate feedstock, such as methanol and/or dimethyl ether, in a fluidized bed containing a catalyst to hydrocarbons, such as gasoline boiling components, olefins and aromatics are provided herein.

A method for converting an alcohol to hydrocarbons comprises two serially placed catalysts. The fraction of aromatics is reduced to desired levels. The method comprises: a) contacting the alcohol with a first catalyst on a carrier, said carrier is selected from a mixed oxide and a mesoporous carrier, said first catalyst comprises at least one basic oxide and optionally at least one selected from the group consisting of metals and metal oxides, then b) contacting the resulting mixture from step a) with a second catalyst wherein said second catalyst is an etched metal loaded zeolite catalyst wherein the etched metal loaded zeolite catalyst is manufactured with a method comprising etching with subsequent loading of metal onto the catalyst, wherein the metal is in the form of nanoparticles, and wherein at least two different metals are loaded onto the etched zeolite catalyst. The hydrocarbons are recovered and used for instance for fuel including gasoline, kerosene, diesel, and jet propellant, and jet fuel. Naturally, other uses of hydrocarbons should not be excluded.

A process for hydrotreating a feed stream comprising a biorenewable feedstock is disclosed. The process comprises hydrotreating the feed stream in the presence of a hydrotreating hydrogen stream and a hydrotreating catalyst to provide a hydrotreated stream. The hydrotreated stream is separated into a hydrotreated liquid stream and a hydrotreated gas stream. The hydrotreated liquid stream is subjected to stripping to provide a stripper off-gas stream. At least a portion of the stripper off-gas stream is contacted with a caustic stream to provide a sulfur-lean gas stream and a sulfur-rich caustic stream. The sulfur-rich caustic stream is further treated to provide a treated gas stream.

A naphtha and methanol mixed catalytic cracking reaction process involves a simultaneous cracking reaction of naphtha and methanol using a circulating fluidized-bed reactor comprising a reactor, a stripper, and a regenerator. The naphtha is supplied from the bottom part of the reactor at a position between 0%5% of the total length of the reactor, and the methanol is supplied from the bottom part of the reactor at a position between 10%80% of the total length of the reactor. The catalytic cracking reaction process uses the circulating fluidized-bed reactor and can crack naphtha and methanol simultaneously by having different introduction positions for the naphtha and methanol in the reactor, which is advantageous for heat neutralization, so that energy consumption can be minimized and also the yield of light olefins can be improved by suppressing the production of light saturated hydrocarbons such as methane, ethane and propane.

Systems and methods are provided for modifying the composition of the conversion catalyst in a reactor for oxygenate conversion during conversion of an oxygenate feed to allow for adjustment of the slate of conversion products. The modification of the conversion catalyst can be performed by introducing a substantial portion (relative to the amount of catalyst inventory in the reaction system) of make-up catalyst having a distinct composition relative to the conversion catalyst in the reaction system. Introducing the distinct composition of make-up catalyst can modify the composition of the conversion catalyst in the reactor to allow for changes in the resulting product slate. By introducing the distinct catalyst composition, the conversion catalyst in the reactor can correspond to a different composition of catalyst than the overall average catalyst composition within the catalyst inventory in the reaction system.

This invention relates generally to a process for producing gasoline component. More particularly, the invention relates to a process for producing high octane gasoline component using renewable raw material as an additional feedstock. Further, the invention provides a gasoline fuel component having high biocontent obtainable from co-processing of vacuum gas oil and renewable feed stock material in a catalytic cracking unit.

Apparatuses and processes for converting an oxygenate feedstock, such as methanol and dimethyl ether, in a fluidized bed containing a catalyst to hydrocarbons, such as gasoline boiling components, olefins and aromatics are provided herein.

Methods, reactor systems, and catalysts are provided for converting in a continuous process biomass to fuels and chemicals, including methods of converting the water insoluble components of biomass, such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, to volatile C.sub.2+O.sub.1-2 oxygenates, such as alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and mixtures thereof. In certain applications, the volatile C.sub.2+O.sub.1-2 oxygenates can be collected and used as a final chemical product, or used in downstream processes to produce liquid fuels, chemicals and other products.

This invention relates generally to a process for producing gasoline component. More particularly, the invention relates to a process for producing high octane gasoline component using renewable raw material as an additional feedstock. Further, the invention provides a gasoline fuel component having high biocontent obtainable from co-processing of vacuum gas oil and renewable feed stock material in a catalytic cracking unit.

A process for regenerating catalysts that have been deactivated or poisoned during hydrogenation of biomass, sugars and polysaccharides is described, in which polymerized species that have agglomerated to catalyst surfaces can be removed by means of washing the catalyst with hot water at subcritical temperatures. A feature of the process can regenerate the catalysts in situ, which allows the process to be adapted for used in continuous throughput reactor systems. Also described is a continuous hydrogenation process that incorporated the present regeneration process.