A process for liquid-liquid extraction of an oil-blend of non-uniform oligomeric and polymeric components comprising: (a) preselecting a desired molecular weight (Mw) boundary between heavy and light components; (b) selecting an extractive solvent or an extractive mixture of solvents, which form essentially a single phase with the light components; (c) mixing the oil-blend and the extractive solvent or extractive mixture of solvents selected in step (b) at elevated temperature, which is at least at or above said fractionation temperature, and wherein the extractive solvent/mixture of solvents to oil-blend ratio is from 1:2 to 100:1; (d) allowing a phase split to form between the heavy components fraction and the light components/extractive solvent fraction at the fractionation temperature or at most 10° C. below the fractionation temperature; (e) followed by separation of said fractions.

The invention concerns with improved and more flexible deasphalting process for production of lube oil base stock as well as feed stock for secondary processes depending on requirement from heavy residual hydrocarbon oil containing saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes etc by contacting the oil with a solvent comprising of hydrocarbon containing two to six carbon atoms, preferably LPG having C3-C4 hydrocarbons and mixture thereof at predetermined deasphalting conditions wherein the yield of deasphalted oil including its quality is controlled by varying the deasphalting conditions including the operating temperature. The yield variations of 15 to 60 wt % is achieved by swinging the temperature by about 10-20° C. within the operative temperature range of 70-130° C. keeping the rest of the operating conditions including solvent to feed ratio same. The LPG solvent can be recovered using supercritical mode of operation using technology known in the art and recycled.

The invention concerns with improved and more flexible deasphalting process for production of lube oil base stock as well as feed stock for secondary processes depending on requirement from heavy residual hydrocarbon oil containing saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes etc by contacting the oil with a solvent comprising of hydrocarbon containing two to six carbon atoms, preferably LPG having C3-C4 hydrocarbons and mixture thereof at predetermined deasphalting conditions wherein the yield of deasphalted oil including its quality is controlled by varying the deasphalting conditions including the operating temperature. The yield variations of 15 to 60 wt % is achieved by swinging the temperature by about 10-20° C. within the operative temperature range of 70-130° C. keeping the rest of the operating conditions including solvent to feed ratio same. The LPG solvent can be recovered using supercritical mode of operation using technology known in the art and recycled.

An extraction solvent comprised of one or more ethyleneamines having structure (I), (II), or (III): ##STR00001##
where R.sub.1-R.sub.6 can independently be H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 linear or branched alkyl, amido (RRNC═O), or hydroxyalkyl, where each R in the amido group independently H or C.sub.1 alkyl, and where x ranges from 1 to 6, may be contacted with a hydrocarbon stream to remove or extract non-acidic contaminants, such as thiophenes, benzothiophenes, alkyl sulfides, alkyl disulfides, mercaptans, aromatics, oxygenates, metals, olefins, and combinations thereof, from the hydrocarbon stream. The extraction solvent may include co-solvents and the hydrocarbon stream may be in gas and/or liquid form.

An extraction solvent comprised of one or more ethyleneamines having structure (I), (II), or (III): ##STR00001##
where R.sub.1-R.sub.6 can independently be H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 linear or branched alkyl, amido (RRNC═O), or hydroxyalkyl, where each R in the amido group independently H or C.sub.1 alkyl, and where x ranges from 1 to 6, may be contacted with a hydrocarbon stream to remove or extract non-acidic contaminants, such as thiophenes, benzothiophenes, alkyl sulfides, alkyl disulfides, mercaptans, aromatics, oxygenates, metals, olefins, and combinations thereof, from the hydrocarbon stream. The extraction solvent may include co-solvents and the hydrocarbon stream may be in gas and/or liquid form.

An integrated refinery process for removing mercaptans from a hydrocarbon stream containing mercaptans and converting by-product disulfide oil to useful products. The process includes introducing the hydrocarbon stream containing mercaptans into an extraction vessel containing an alkaline solution and passing the hydrocarbon stream through an extraction section of the extraction vessel which includes one or more liquid-liquid contacting decks for reaction to convert the mercaptans to alkali metal alkanethiolates. Further, the process includes withdrawing a hydrocarbon product stream free of mercaptans from the extraction vessel and recovering spent caustic containing alkali metal alkanethiolates from the extraction vessel. Additionally, the process includes subjecting the spent caustic containing alkali metal alkanethiolates to air oxidation to produce a by-product stream containing disulfide oils (DSO) and sulfides and processing the by-product stream in a steam cracking unit to produce a DSO free product stream.

Apparatuses, systems and methods for separating heavy hydrocarbons from a solvent stream are disclosed. The heavy hydrocarbons and solvent can be recovered and processed further.

Apparatuses, systems and methods for separating heavy hydrocarbons from a solvent stream are disclosed. The heavy hydrocarbons and solvent can be recovered and processed further.

Techniques for separating a fuel on-board a vehicle include mixing an input fuel stream and a fluid solvent; separating the mixture into a first liquid fuel stream and a second liquid fuel stream, the first liquid fuel stream including a first portion of the input fuel stream defined by a first auto-ignition characteristic value and the fluid solvent, the second liquid fuel stream including a second portion of the input fuel stream defined by a second auto-ignition characteristic value that is different than the first auto-ignition characteristic value; separating the first liquid fuel stream into the fluid solvent and the first portion of the input fuel stream; directing the first portion of the input fuel stream to a first fuel tank on the vehicle; and directing the second portion of the input fuel stream to a second fuel tank on the vehicle.

System and method for reducing mutagen levels contained within a volume of petroleum aromatic extracts. The petroleum aromatic extracts are mixed with at least one solvent. This produces a mixture. Once mixed, some of the petroleum aromatic extracts dissolve. Others settle in the mixture. The petroleum aromatic extracts that have settled on the mixture are removed from the mixture and are ready for use. The mixture is heated to evaporate the solvent from the mixture. The evaporated solvent can be recaptured and reused. The residuum of the mixture contains petroleum aromatic extracts that can be partially recovered using traditional hydroprocessing techniques.