A coalescence method and related system are disclosed herein. A multiphase dispersion feed comprising first and second liquids (i.e. where droplets of the first liquid (dispersed phase) are dispersed in the second liquid (continuous phase)) is passed through a static mechanical droplet-coalescer comprising a channel characterized by a plurality of in-series segments, each segment characterized by a segment-specific-characteristic obstacle size and having geometric features disclosed herein. In embodiments of the invention, the static mechanical droplet-coalescer promotes coalescence between droplets of first liquid to form larger droplets of first liquid. Subsequently, after the dispersion exits the coalescer, the larger droplets are easier to remove from the second liquid (continuous phase) than the smaller droplets that coalesced into the larger droplets.

A process for the enhancement of the byproducts of a process for the regeneration of exhaust oils is described, wherein said process for the regeneration of exhaust oils which includes at least one of the following steps: a) passing of the oil to be regenerated into one or more centrifuges, b) storage of the oil, before treatment, in suitable containers, c) desiloxanation and d) filtering. The byproducts of one or more of steps a) to d) are treated, gathered and mixed with one another and added to the bitumen coming out as tail of a fractioned distillation step of the above-said regeneration process of exhaust oils.

A plant for the carrying out of a process according to any one of the preceding claims is also described, comprising a processing unit for each of the byproducts coming from steps a) to d) and a mixer (6) with stirring (7).

A process for the enhancement of the byproducts of a process for the regeneration of exhaust oils is described, wherein said process for the regeneration of exhaust oils which includes at least one of the following steps: a) passing of the oil to be regenerated into one or more centrifuges, b) storage of the oil, before treatment, in suitable containers, c) desiloxanation and d) filtering. The byproducts of one or more of steps a) to d) are treated, gathered and mixed with one another and added to the bitumen coming out as tail of a fractioned distillation step of the above-said regeneration process of exhaust oils.

A plant for the carrying out of a process according to any one of the preceding claims is also described, comprising a processing unit for each of the byproducts coming from steps a) to d) and a mixer (6) with stirring (7).

Asphalt binders are modified using fractional products from waste tire pyrolysis, using an initial step of i) at least partially pyrolyzing, separately from such asphaltic binder, whole rubber articles or size-reduced rubber particles to provide one or more pyrolyzed rubber fractions including a pyrolyzed oil fraction having a selected minimum initial boiling point or flash point, and ii) removing some or all polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds from such pyrolyzed oil fraction to provide a reduced-PAH and preferably translucent pyrolyzed oil fraction that may be combined with an asphaltic binder to provide a modified asphalt composition.

Provided herein are processes for the removal and/or recovery of a target metal from a liquid sample, said process comprising: [1] applying acoustic cavitation to the liquid; and [2] adding an iron (II) salt, or a precursor form thereof, to the liquid sample and allowing Fenton oxidation reaction to occur between the iron and hydrogen peroxide in the liquid, thereby producing hydroxyl radicals; thereby producing a target metal salt or metal oxide having a reduced solubility in the liquid sample, leading to removal of the target metal from the liquid sample. The use of metal ligands in such processes is also described, as well as systems for performing such processes. Methods, processes, and systems for removing organic contaminants from a liquid sample are also described.

Systems and methods are provided for co-processing of pyrolysis tar with pre-pyrolysis flash bottoms. In some aspects, the co-processing can correspond to solvent-assisted hydroprocessing. By combining pyrolysis tar and flash bottoms with a solvent, various difficulties associated with hydroprocessing of the fractions can be reduced or minimized, such as difficulties associated with hydroprocessing of high viscosity feeds and/or high sulfur feeds. Optionally, separate solvents and/or fluxes can be used for the pyrolysis tar and the flash bottoms. The resulting upgraded products can be suitable, for example, for inclusion in low sulfur fuel oils (LSFO).

Processes for preparing a low particulate liquid hydrocarbon product are provided and includes blending a tar stream containing particles with a fluid to produce a fluid-feed mixture containing tar, the particles, and the fluid, and centrifuging the fluid-feed mixture at a temperature of greater than 60° C. to produce a higher density portion and a lower density portion, where the lower density portion contains no more than 25 wt % of the particles in the fluid-feed mixture.

Processes for preparing a low particulate liquid hydrocarbon product are provided and includes blending a tar stream containing particles with a fluid to produce a fluid-feed mixture containing tar, the particles, and the fluid, and centrifuging the fluid-feed mixture at a temperature of greater than 60° C. to produce a higher density portion and a lower density portion, where the lower density portion contains no more than 25 wt % of the particles in the fluid-feed mixture.

An apparatus is provided for processing reusable fuel comprising a first-type cyclone cooler having a first configuration. The apparatus also provides one or more second-type cyclone coolers, wherein each one or more second-type cyclone coolers has a substantially identical second configuration to respective other one or more second-type cyclone coolers, wherein the second configuration is different than the first configuration. The apparatus may also provide an air cooled heat exchanger, a coil condenser and one or more bubblers. The first-type cyclone cooler and the one or more second-type cyclone coolers are connected. One of the one or more second-type cyclone coolers is connected to the air cooled heat exchanger. The air cooled heat exchanger is connected to the coil condenser. The coil condenser is connected to the one or more bubblers.

A process for removing asphaltenes from an oil feed, the process comprising the steps of introducing the oil feed to a de-asphalting column, where the oil feed comprises a carbonaceous material and asphaltenes, where the de-asphalting column comprises a heteropolyacid, operating the de-asphalting column at a reaction temperature and a reaction pressure for a residence time such that the heteropolyacid is operable to catalyze an acid catalyzed polymerization reaction of the asphaltenes to produce polymerized asphaltenes, the polymerized asphaltenes precipitate from the carbonaceous material in the oil feed, and withdrawing a de-asphalted oil from the de-asphalting column, where the de-asphalted oil is in the absence of the heteropolyacids, where the de-asphalted oil has a lower concentration of sulfur, a lower concentration of nitrogen, and a lower concentration of metals as compared to the oil feed, where the process for removing asphaltenes is in the absence of added hydrogen gas.