A macroscopic artificial dielectric susceptor for making biochemicals

Herein disclosed is a method of producing value-added product from light gases, the method comprising: (a) providing light gases comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 compounds and combinations thereof; (b) intimately mixing the light gases with a liquid carrier in a high shear device to form a dispersion of gas in the liquid carrier, wherein the dispersion is supersaturated with the light gases and comprises gas bubbles at least some of which have a mean diameter of less than or equal to about 5 micron(s); (c) allowing the value-added product to form and utilizing vacuum to extract unreacted light gases from the liquid carrier; (d) extracting the value-added product; wherein the value-added product comprises at least one component selected from the group consisting of higher hydrocarbons, hydrogen, olefins, alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones. A system for producing value-added product from light gases is also disclosed.

Herein disclosed is a method of producing value-added product from light gases, the method comprising: (a) providing light gases comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 compounds and combinations thereof; (b) intimately mixing the light gases with a liquid carrier in a high shear device to form a dispersion of gas in the liquid carrier, wherein the dispersion is supersaturated with the light gases and comprises gas bubbles at least some of which have a mean diameter of less than or equal to about 5 micron(s); (c) allowing the value-added product to form and utilizing vacuum to extract unreacted light gases from the liquid carrier; (d) extracting the value-added product; wherein the value-added product comprises at least one component selected from the group consisting of higher hydrocarbons, hydrogen, olefins, alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones. A system for producing value-added product from light gases is also disclosed.

A catalytic naphtha hydrodesulfurization process is operated in a process unit having a surge drum with equipped for gas blanketing with a blanketing gas containing controlled levels of CO and CO.sub.2. If the gas selected for blanketing normally contains more than the acceptable level of these inhibitors, they should be reduced to the levels appropriate for retention of catalyst functionality.

A catalytic naphtha hydrodesulfurization process is operated in a process unit having a surge drum with equipped for gas blanketing with a blanketing gas containing controlled levels of CO and CO.sub.2. If the gas selected for blanketing normally contains more than the acceptable level of these inhibitors, they should be reduced to the levels appropriate for retention of catalyst functionality.

A method for hydrofining of middle distillates of Fischer-Tropsch synthetic full-range distillates, the method including: 1) separating middle distillates of Fischer-Tropsch synthetic full-range distillates to yield light distillates, heavy distillates and intermediate distillates; 2) metering the light distillates, the heavy distillates and the intermediate distillates; providing a hydrogenation reactor filled with a hydrofining catalyst and including a first feed inlet, a second feed inlet and a third feed inlet from the top down; mixing hydrogen and the light distillates, the heavy distillates and the intermediate distillates, respectively, and introducing resulting mixtures to the hydrogenation reactor via the first feed inlet, the second feed inlet and the third feed inlet, respectively; and 3) introducing products from 2) to a gas-liquid separator to yield hydrogen and liquid products, returning the hydrogen to the hydrogenation reactor, and introducing the liquid products to a fractionating column for further separation.

An apparatus for producing diesel fuel and jet fuel using Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil, the apparatus including a hydrofining reactor, a hot separator, a first rectifying column, a hydrocracking reactor, a hydroisomerization reactor, a second rectifying column, a first mixing chamber and a second mixing chamber. The hydrofining reactor includes a raw material inlet and a hydrofining product outlet. The hot separator includes a separated oil outlet and a hydrofining product inlet which is connected to the hydrofining product outlet. The first rectifying column includes a tail oil fraction outlet, a diesel fraction outlet and a separated oil inlet which is connected to the separated oil outlet. The first mixing chamber includes a circulating hydrogen inlet, a first mixture outlet and a tail oil fraction inlet which is connected to the tail oil fraction outlet.

The present invention provides a paraffin wax having a congealing point according to ASTM D938 of at least 100° C. and a Saybolt colour according to ASTM D156 of at least 25 cm.

The present invention provides a paraffin wax having a congealing point according to ASTM D938 of at least 100° C. and a Saybolt colour according to ASTM D156 of at least 25 cm.

A new catalyst hydroisomerizes C18 paraffins from fatty acids to a high degree to produce a composition with acceptable freeze point which retains 18 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon molecule for jet fuel. We have discovered a fuel composition comprising at least 14 wt % hydrocarbon molecules having at least 18 carbon atoms and a freeze point not higher than −40° C. The composition also may exhibit a exhibiting a final boiling point of no more than 300° C. The hydroisomerization process can be once through or a portion of the product diesel stream may be selectively hydrocracked or recycled to hydroisomerization to obtain a fuel composition that meets jet fuel specifications.