The invention relates to a regenerative reactor system which includes a reverse flow regenerative reactor. The reverse flow regenerative reactor includes a housing enclosing an interior region, and process flow components configured to manage the flow of a pyrolysis stream through the interior region. The process flow components include reactor beds. The reverse flow regenerative reactor also includes a pyrolysis inlet conduit for managing flow of the pyrolysis stream to the reverse flow regenerative reactor, and further includes a liquid distribution device that is configured to disperse a liquid portion of the pyrolysis stream along an internal surface of the pyrolysis inlet conduit.

The present disclosure generally relates to upgrading difficult to process heavy-oil. In particular, the disclosure relates to upgrading heavy oil and other high carbon content materials by using an integrated thermal-process (ITP) that utilizes anti-coking management and toluene insoluble organic residues (TIOR) management to directly incorporate lighter hydrocarbons into high molecular weight, low hydrogen content hydrocarbons such as thermally processed heavy oil products. This process can be integrated with other thermal processing schemes, such as cokers and visbreakers, to improve the conversion and yields from these integrated processes.

The present disclosure generally relates to upgrading difficult to process heavy-oil. In particular, the disclosure relates to upgrading heavy oil and other high carbon content materials by using an integrated thermal-process (ITP) that utilizes anti-coking management and toluene insoluble organic residues (TIOR) management to directly incorporate lighter hydrocarbons into high molecular weight, low hydrogen content hydrocarbons such as thermally processed heavy oil products. This process can be integrated with other thermal processing schemes, such as cokers and visbreakers, to improve the conversion and yields from these integrated processes.

Systems and methods are provided for integration of polymeric waste co-processing in cokers to produce circular chemical products from coker naphtha, including a method of producing circular chemical products comprising: providing a coker naphtha that is at least partially derived from polymeric waste, wherein the coker naphtha has a total halide content of about 1 wppm to about 0.5 wt %, a 2-3 ring aromatic content of about 0 wt % to about 5 wt %, and a sulfur content of about 750 ppm to about 2 wt %; and converting the coker naphtha into at least a polymer.

Systems and methods are provided for integration of polymeric waste co-processing in cokers to produce circular chemical products from coker naphtha, including a method of producing circular chemical products comprising: providing a coker naphtha that is at least partially derived from polymeric waste, wherein the coker naphtha has a total halide content of about 1 wppm to about 0.5 wt %, a 2-3 ring aromatic content of about 0 wt % to about 5 wt %, and a sulfur content of about 750 ppm to about 2 wt %; and converting the coker naphtha into at least a polymer.

Processes and systems that utilize methane pyrolysis for carbon capture from a petrochemical stream that contains hydrogen and methane. The petrochemical stream can be the tail gas of a hydrocarbon cracking system, or any other petrochemical stream containing hydrogen and methane. The petrochemical stream can be separated into a hydrogen product stream and a methane product stream, before sending the methane product stream to a methane pyrolysis unit. The methane pyrolysis unit converts methane to solid carbon and hydrogen.

Processes and systems that utilize methane pyrolysis for carbon capture from a petrochemical stream that contains hydrogen and methane. The petrochemical stream can be the tail gas of a hydrocarbon cracking system, or any other petrochemical stream containing hydrogen and methane. The petrochemical stream can be separated into a hydrogen product stream and a methane product stream, before sending the methane product stream to a methane pyrolysis unit. The methane pyrolysis unit converts methane to solid carbon and hydrogen.

A thermal cracking apparatus and method includes a body having an inner volume with a longitudinal axis, where a reaction zone surrounds the longitudinal axis. A feedstock process gas is flowed into the inner volume and longitudinally through the reaction zone during thermal cracking operations. A power control system controls electrical power to an elongated heating element, which is disposed within the inner volume. During thermal cracking operations, the elongated heating element is heated to a molecular cracking temperature to generate the reaction zone, the feedstock process gas is heated from the elongated heating element, the power control system uses a feedback parameter for adjusting the electrical power to maintain the molecular cracking temperature at a substantially constant value, and the heat thermally cracks molecules of the feedstock process gas that are within the reaction zone into constituent components of the molecules.

A thermal cracking apparatus and method includes a body having an inner volume with a longitudinal axis, where a reaction zone surrounds the longitudinal axis. A feedstock process gas is flowed into the inner volume and longitudinally through the reaction zone during thermal cracking operations. A power control system controls electrical power to an elongated heating element, which is disposed within the inner volume. During thermal cracking operations, the elongated heating element is heated to a molecular cracking temperature to generate the reaction zone, the feedstock process gas is heated from the elongated heating element, the power control system uses a feedback parameter for adjusting the electrical power to maintain the molecular cracking temperature at a substantially constant value, and the heat thermally cracks molecules of the feedstock process gas that are within the reaction zone into constituent components of the molecules.

Processes for rapidly and accurately predicting the fouling potential of a heavy petroleum fraction in a commercial refinery, informing the selection of one or more interventions to prevent or decrease the rate of said fouling. The process utilizes several specialized .sup.13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance procedures to more accurately quantify tertiary and quaternary bridgehead aromatic carbon in the heavy petroleum fraction This permits more accurate calculation of a Condensation Index for the heavy petroleum fraction to more accurately predict fouling potential of the fraction. When the condensation index is at or above a threshold value, the process implements one or more responses to improve operational efficiency of the commercial refinery.