In one embodiment, an alkylphenol copolymer is disclosed wherein the copolymer comprises at least one alkylphenol monomer and the alkylphenol copolymer exhibits the following: an oscillation displacement Θ of greater than 0 at a temperature of −5° C. in a first oscillation temperature sweep and an oscillation displacement Θ in a second oscillation temperature sweep within 25% of the oscillation displacement Θ in the first oscillation temperature sweep at a temperature of −5° C. In a further embodiment, a petroleum composition is disclosed wherein the composition comprises a petroleum source and a macromolecular compound wherein the macromolecular compound exhibits the following: an oscillation displacement Θ of greater than 0 at a temperature of −10° C. in a first oscillation temperature sweep, and an oscillation displacement Θ in a second oscillation temperature sweep within 25% of the oscillation displacement Θ in the first oscillation temperature sweep at a temperature of −10° C.

In one embodiment, an alkylphenol copolymer is disclosed wherein the copolymer comprises at least one alkylphenol monomer and the alkylphenol copolymer exhibits the following: an oscillation displacement Θ of greater than 0 at a temperature of −5° C. in a first oscillation temperature sweep and an oscillation displacement Θ in a second oscillation temperature sweep within 25% of the oscillation displacement Θ in the first oscillation temperature sweep at a temperature of −5° C. In a further embodiment, a petroleum composition is disclosed wherein the composition comprises a petroleum source and a macromolecular compound wherein the macromolecular compound exhibits the following: an oscillation displacement Θ of greater than 0 at a temperature of −10° C. in a first oscillation temperature sweep, and an oscillation displacement Θ in a second oscillation temperature sweep within 25% of the oscillation displacement Θ in the first oscillation temperature sweep at a temperature of −10° C.

An ecofriendly corrosion inhibitor composition and a method for inhibiting corrosion on a metal surface with the ecofriendly corrosion inhibitor composition are provided. The ecofriendly corrosion inhibitor composition includes 10-30 weight % of fatty acids derived from waste vegetable oils and 70-90 weight % of heavy aromatic naphtha. The fatty acids derived from waste vegetable oils include oleic acid, linoleic acid, and palmitic acid. In the method, the ecofriendly corrosion inhibitor composition is added to a hydrocarbon fluid exposed to the metal surface and the corrosion inhibitor composition inhibits corrosion on the metal surfaces.

An ecofriendly corrosion inhibitor composition and a method for inhibiting corrosion on a metal surface with the ecofriendly corrosion inhibitor composition are provided. The ecofriendly corrosion inhibitor composition includes 10-30 weight % of fatty acids derived from waste vegetable oils and 70-90 weight % of heavy aromatic naphtha. The fatty acids derived from waste vegetable oils include oleic acid, linoleic acid, and palmitic acid. In the method, the ecofriendly corrosion inhibitor composition is added to a hydrocarbon fluid exposed to the metal surface and the corrosion inhibitor composition inhibits corrosion on the metal surfaces.

Described herein are systems and methods for evaluating and mitigating the wax risks of a given hydrocarbon composition such as crude oil. The disclosed systems and methods enable rapid and ready prediction of wax risks using algorithms based on a small sample of the hydrocarbon composition. The wax risks are predicted using predictive models developed from machine learning. The disclosed systems and methods include mitigation strategies for wax risks that can include chemical additives, operation changes, and/or hydrocarbon blend.

Described herein are systems and methods for evaluating and mitigating the wax risks of a given hydrocarbon composition such as crude oil. The disclosed systems and methods enable rapid and ready prediction of wax risks using algorithms based on a small sample of the hydrocarbon composition. The wax risks are predicted using predictive models developed from machine learning. The disclosed systems and methods include mitigation strategies for wax risks that can include chemical additives, operation changes, and/or hydrocarbon blend.

Compounds, compositions and methods are provided for reducing, inhibiting, or preventing corrosion of a surface, using a corrosion-inhibiting composition comprising a dispersant having the structure of Formula 1 and a corrosion inhibitor having the structure of Formula 2

##STR00001##

wherein X.sub.1 is hydroxyl, —OC(O)R.sub.1; X.sub.2 is hydroxyl, or —OC(O)R.sub.2; X.sub.3 is hydroxyl or —OC(O)R.sub.3; R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are independently C.sub.10 to C.sub.30 alkyl or alkenyl; m, n, and o are independently integers from 1 to 10; R.sub.20 , R.sub.21, R.sub.22, R.sub.23, and R.sub.24 are independently hydrogen or —C(O)—R.sub.31; R.sub.31 is C.sub.10 to C.sub.30 alkyl or alkenyl; p is an integer of 0 or 1; q is an integer of 1 to 4; r is an integer of 0 or 1; s is an integer of 0 or 1; t is an integer from 1 to 4; and p1, q1, r1, r2, s1, and t1 are independently integers from 1 to 6; wherein when p, r, and s are 0, q+t is an integer from 4 to 8 and at least one of R.sub.20 , R.sub.21, R.sub.22, R.sub.23, and R.sub.24 is —C(O)—R.sub.31.

A method for reducing or preventing corrosion or fouling in an apparatus for carrying out a chemical process, where corrosion or fouling is caused by acidic compounds present in the chemical process, which comprises the addition of at least one quaternary ammonium hydroxide of the formula (I) to the apparatus, wherein the chemical process is carried out: [Chem. 1] where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 are each independently C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl; R.sup.4 is inter alia C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, benzyl, monocycloalkyl having 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms, bicycloalkyl having 6 to 8 carbon atoms, tricycloalkyl having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, where monocycloalkyl, bicycloalkyl and tricycloalkyl are unsubstituted or substituted by 1 or 2 methyl groups, or tri-C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl ammonium groups. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the nitrogen atom may also form a 5 or 6-membered, saturated nitrogen heterocycle, which is unsubstituted or carries 1 or 2 methyl groups; and/or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together with the nitrogen atom may also form a 5 or 6-membered, saturated nitrogen heterocycle, which is unsubstituted or carries 1 or 2 methyl groups.

A method for reducing or preventing corrosion or fouling in an apparatus for carrying out a chemical process, where corrosion or fouling is caused by acidic compounds present in the chemical process, which comprises the addition of at least one quaternary ammonium hydroxide of the formula (I) to the apparatus, wherein the chemical process is carried out: [Chem. 1] where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 are each independently C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl; R.sup.4 is inter alia C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, benzyl, monocycloalkyl having 5, 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms, bicycloalkyl having 6 to 8 carbon atoms, tricycloalkyl having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, where monocycloalkyl, bicycloalkyl and tricycloalkyl are unsubstituted or substituted by 1 or 2 methyl groups, or tri-C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl ammonium groups. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the nitrogen atom may also form a 5 or 6-membered, saturated nitrogen heterocycle, which is unsubstituted or carries 1 or 2 methyl groups; and/or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together with the nitrogen atom may also form a 5 or 6-membered, saturated nitrogen heterocycle, which is unsubstituted or carries 1 or 2 methyl groups.

The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for neutralizing acidic streams in an olefin or styrene production plant. More specifically, the invention relates to neutralizing agents for dilution steam systems in the steam cracker process and their use for reducing acid corrosion and fouling in such systems.