Apparatus and associated methods relate to drying a wet coated seed material stream comprising an incoming wet granular biosolids stream mixed with a controlled size dried seed material recycling stream to produce a moist air and pellet stream, separating an uncontrolled size dried pellet stream from the moist air and pellet stream, diverting a recycle portion of the uncontrolled size dried pellet stream to be recycled, diverting the remainder of the uncontrolled size dried pellet stream to an outlet, resizing oversized pellets from the recycle portion of the uncontrolled size dried pellet stream to produce the controlled size dried seed material recycling stream, and mixing the controlled size dried seed material recycling stream with the incoming wet granular biosolids stream to produce the wet coated seed material stream. Oversized pellets may be selected using a screen. The oversized pellets may be resized using a crusher inline with the recycle stream.

The method and plant (1) for conversing solid recovered fuel pellets (117) made from municipal solid waste (103) allow the transformation of the municipal solid waste (103) into hydrogen with a high yield instead of landfilling or incinerating the municipal solid waste (103). The hydrogen rich product gas stream (601) can be used as feedstock for chemical reactions or for storing energy in a releasable manner.

A process for the manufacture of one or more useful products comprises: gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock comprising waste materials and/or biomass in a gasification zone to generate a raw synthesis gas; supplying at least a portion of the raw synthesis gas to a clean-up zone to remove contaminants and provide a clean synthesis gas; supplying the clean synthesis gas to a first further reaction train to generate at least one first useful product and a tailgas; and diverting selectively on demand a portion of at least one of the carbonaceous feedstock, the clean synthesis gas, the tailgas and the light gas fraction to heat or power generation within the process, in response to external factors to control the carbon intensity of the overall process and enable GHG emission savings.

A process for processing carbonaceous material, the process comprising: delivering a carbonaceous material to a reactor; delivering a catalyst to the reactor; processing the carbonaceous material at a relatively low temperature within the reactor to decompose the carbonaceous material to base compounds.

The invention relates to a process and system for converting carbon material into power. Carbon material 12 is gasified into synthesis gas 18 in a gasifier 16, and steam 14 is supplied to the gasifier 16. The synthesis gas 18 is supplied to a gas turbine 30, 36, 38 to produce power. Air 24 is added to the synthesis gas 18 prior to the gas turbine 30, 36, 38. Exhaust gas 40 from the gas turbine 30, 36, 38 is cooled in a first cooling device 42 with water 46 to produce steam 52. The steam is used in at least one steam turbine to produce power 56 and the steam 58 from at least one steam turbine 56 is recycled to the gasifier 16.

The invention relates to a process and system for converting carbon material into power. Carbon material 12 is gasified into synthesis gas 18 in a gasifier 16, and steam 14 is supplied to the gasifier 16. The synthesis gas 18 is supplied to a gas turbine 30, 36, 38 to produce power. Air 24 is added to the synthesis gas 18 prior to the gas turbine 30, 36, 38. Exhaust gas 40 from the gas turbine 30, 36, 38 is cooled in a first cooling device 42 with water 46 to produce steam 52. The steam is used in at least one steam turbine to produce power 56 and the steam 58 from at least one steam turbine 56 is recycled to the gasifier 16.

A pyrolysis and gasification system produce a synthesis gas and bio-char from a biomass feedstock. The system includes a feed hopper that has a flow measurement device. The system also includes a reactor that is operable in a gasification mode or a pyrolysis mode. The reactor is configured to receive the biomass feedstock from the feed hopper. The reactor is operable to provide heat to the biomass feedstock from the feed hopper to produce the synthesis gas and bio-char. The system also includes a cyclone assembly. The produced synthesis gas including the bio-char is fed to the cyclone assembly. The cyclone assembly removes a portion of the bio-char from the synthesis gas.

Fuel and fuel additives can be produced by processes that provide Fischer-Tropsch liquids having high biogenic carbon concentrations of up to about 100% biogenic carbon. The fuels and fuel additive have essentially the same high biogenic concentration as the Fischer-Tropsch liquids which, in turn, contain the same concentration of biogenic carbon as the feedstock.

In a method for physical and thermochemical treatment of biomass, the biomass moisture content is reduced in a dryer and ammonia (NH.sub.3) is also released from the biomass during drying. The dried biomass is then either pyrolyzed in a pyrolysis reactor and the pyrolysis gas is forwarded to and combusted in a combustion device to form flue gas, or is combusted in a combustion facility unit to form flue gas. In either case the flue gas is fed to a mixer. Oxygen (O.sub.2) is metered to the flue gas in the mixer and is fed directly to the dryer as drying gas. As the drying gas passes through the dryer, the sulfur dioxide (SO.sub.2) contained in the drying gas and/or the sulfur trioxide (SO.sub.3) chemically reacts with the ammonia (NH.sub.3) to form ammonium sulfite ((NH.sub.4).sub.2SO.sub.3) and/or ammonium sulfate ((NH.sub.4).sub.2SO.sub.4). Also a treatment facility physically and thermochemically treats the biomass.

Methods and pyrolysis plants are described, comprising reactors for producing pyrolysis gas from biomass. The reactors comprise one or more reaction channels linked thermally with at least one heating circuit, which is configured to heat the reaction channels to a temperature that is high enough to gasify the biomass. The reactors comprise a feed section configured for feeding the biomass into the reaction channels. The pyrolysis plants comprise a gas accelerator configured for recirculating the gas that is present in the at least one reaction channel and for providing a gas flow velocity that is able to distribute the biomass in the reaction channel.