This invention relates to a method and apparatus for gasifying or liquifying coal. In particular, the method comprises reacting a coal with a molten aluminum or aluminum alloy bath. The apparatus includes a reaction vessel for carrying out the reaction, as well as other equipment necessary for capturing and removing the reaction products. Further, the process can be used to cogenerate electricity using the excess heat generated by the process.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for gasifying or liquifying coal. In particular, the method comprises reacting a coal with a molten aluminum or aluminum alloy bath. The apparatus includes a reaction vessel for carrying out the reaction, as well as other equipment necessary for capturing and removing the reaction products. Further, the process can be used to cogenerate electricity using the excess heat generated by the process.

A method for producing hydrogen and/or other gases from steel plant wastes and waste heat is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of providing molten waste from steel plant like molten slag in a reactor. The molten slag is contacted with water and/or steam in the presence of a reducing agent to form a stream of hydrogen and/or other gases. The hydrogen and/or other gases can then be extracted from the stream of gases from the reactor.

A method for producing hydrogen and/or other gases from steel plant wastes and waste heat is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of providing molten waste from steel plant like molten slag in a reactor. The molten slag is contacted with water and/or steam in the presence of a reducing agent to form a stream of hydrogen and/or other gases. The hydrogen and/or other gases can then be extracted from the stream of gases from the reactor.

The disclosure provides a gasification process for the production of a methane-rich syngas at temperatures exceeding 400 C. through the use of an alkali hydroxide MOH, using a gasification mixture comprised of at least 0.25 moles and less than 2 moles of water for each mole of carbon, and at least 0.15 moles and less than 2 moles of alkali hydroxide MOH for each mole of carbon. These relative amounts allow the production of a methane-rich syngas at temperatures exceeding 400 C. by enabling a series of reactions which generate H.sub.2 and CH.sub.4, and mitigate the reforming of methane. The process provides a methane-rich syngas comprised of roughly 20% (dry molar percentage) CH.sub.4 at temperatures above 400 C., and may effectively operate within an IGFC cycle at reactor temperatures between 400-900 C. and pressures in excess of 10 atmospheres.

A rotating heat regenerator is used to recover heat from the syngas at it exits the reactor vessel of a waste or biomass gasifier. In some embodiments, three or more streams are passed through the heat exchanger. One stream is the dirty syngas, which heats the rotating material. A second stream is a cold stream that is heated as it passes through the material. A third stream is a cleaning stream, which serves to remove particulates that are collected on the rotating material as the dirty syngas passes through it. This apparatus can also be used as an auto-heat exchanger, or it can exchange heat between separate flows in the gasifier process. The apparatus can also be used to reduce the heating requirement for the thermal residence chamber (TRC) used downstream from the gasification system

A process for preparing fuel gas through gasification of powdered coal, comprising: contacting powdered coal and ash residue in a riser reactor under hydrogenation conditions to perform a pyrolysis reaction and a gas-phase tar cracking reaction; subjecting it to a primary gas-solid separation to obtain a gasified gas and a solid fraction; subjecting the gasified gas to a secondary gas-solid separation to obtain a solid fraction containing fine particle semi-coke and a gasified gas; subjecting the solid fraction to a gasification calcination reaction, flowing the gasified coal gas and the high-temperature ash residue u into the riser reactor; subjecting the solid fraction containing fine particle semi-coke to a melting gasification reaction, falling the liquid residue to the material-returning device of fluidized bed for cooling and solidification, and feeding the second high-temperature gasified coal gas to the riser reactor via a high-temperature gasified gas returning pipe.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for gasifying or liquifying coal. In particular, the method comprises reacting a coal with a molten aluminum or aluminum alloy bath. The apparatus includes a reaction vessel for carrying out the reaction, as well as other equipment necessary for capturing and removing the reaction products. Further, the process can be used to cogenerate electricity using the excess heat generated by the process.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for gasifying or liquifying coal. In particular, the method comprises reacting a coal with a molten aluminum or aluminum alloy bath. The apparatus includes a reaction vessel for carrying out the reaction, as well as other equipment necessary for capturing and removing the reaction products. Further, the process can be used to cogenerate electricity using the excess heat generated by the process.

There is disclosed a furnace, a fluid feed component, a fluid reforming system, and a method of reforming a fluid. The furnace comprises a vessel that defines a chamber for holding a body of liquid. A fluid inlet is provided for introducing a fluid into the chamber below a level of the body of liquid to cause the fluid to interact with the liquid and to migrate therethrough towards an outlet for discharging a product of the interaction from the chamber. A liquid circulation passage is implemented, having a weir which is operatively located near the level of the body of liquid, and a port which is located remote from the weir and in fluid communication with the fluid inlet so as to enable the liquid to flow over the weir through the liquid circulation passage and through the port.