Disclosed is a hydrogen generation furnace using decomposition of biomass steam, which employs an infrared source and a furnace body with a water-accommodating structure. A steam separation-drying device is cylindrical and provided at an upper part of an interior of the furnace body and a cavity of the steam separation-drying device forms a secondary gasifier. A lattice plate is provided at a bottom of the interior of the furnace body. A lattice combustion grate is provided above a middle of the lattice plate. A steam distributor is provided outside a lower part of the furnace body. The furnace of the invention performs gasified gas separation as well as secondary oxidation and gasification and mixes steam with gas generated from biomass to perform a decomposition reaction for generating hydrogen.

A method and system for continuous production of contaminant free and size specific biochar using downdraft gasification of variable quality feedstock. The system and process of the present invention includes the transfer of biochar from a gasifier after gasification to a temperature-controlled cooling screw conveyor, into a drum magnet for ferrous metal removal into multiple diverters to separate and remove ungasified materials and non-ferrous metal contaminants, then transferred into a granulator for grinding and screening the biochar to a pre-selected size. By directly attaching a novel and continuous product treatment process to the biochar stream as it exits the gasifier, the particle size, moisture content, carbon content and yield of a contaminant free biochar product can be narrowly controlled and improved to meet strict product quality specifications required by specialty applications.

A gasification co-generation process of coal powder in a Y-type entrained flow bed, comprising: spraying coal water slurry or coal powder, gasification agent and water vapor into a gasification furnace through a top nozzle and a plurality of side nozzles for performing combustion and gasification with a residence time of 10 s or more; chilling the resulting slag with water, and subjecting the chilled slag to a dry method slagging to obtain gasification slag used as cement clinker; discharging the produced crude syngas carrying fine ash from the Y-type entrained flow bed to perform ash-slag separation.

Various aspects provide for a multistage fluidized bed reactor, particularly comprising a volatilization stage and a combustion stage. The gas phases above the bed solids in the respective stages are separated by a wall. An opening (e.g., in the wall) provides for transport of the bed solids from the volatilization stage to the combustion stage. Active control of the gas pressure in the two stages may be used to control residence time. Various aspects provide for a fuel stream processing system having a pretreatment reactor, a combustion reactor, and optionally a condensation reactor. The condensation reactor receives a volatiles stream volatilized by the volatilization reactor. The combustion reactor receives a char stream resulting from the removal of the volatiles by the volatilization reactor.

A gasification co-generation process of coal powder in a Y-type entrained flow bed, comprising: spraying coal water slurry or coal powder, gasification agent and water vapor into a gasification furnace through a top nozzle and a plurality of side nozzles for performing combustion and gasification with a residence time of 10 s or more; chilling the resulting slag with water, and subjecting the chilled slag to a dry method slagging to obtain gasification slag used as cement clinker; discharging the produced crude syngas carrying fine ash from the Y-type entrained flow bed to perform ash-slag separation.

This invention relates to a power recovery process in waste steam/CO.sub.2 reformers in which a waste stream can be made to release energy without having to burn the waste or the syngas. This invention in some embodiments does not make use of fuel cells as a component but makes use of exothermic chemical reactors using syngas to produce heat, such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. It also relates to control or elimination of the emissions of greenhouse gases in the power recovery process of this invention with the goal of producing energy in the future carbonless world economy.

The present invention includes a gasifier for gasifying fuels having a container with a top, sidewalls and a bottom for facilitating the gasifying process. One or more open vertical shafts extend downward inside the container for allowing a downdraft or updraft of air and fuel for the gasifying process. A rotating bed is preferably included inside the container and below the one or more shafts for receiving the fuel. The bed rotates essentially perpendicular to the shaft to facilitate even heating and gasifying of the fuel. The bed is further movable relative to the vertical shaft in order to increase or decrease the volume of fuel flow to the fuel.

Provided is a pyrolysis gasification system including a hopper, a loading chamber, a gas generating furnace, an ash discharge unit, and an oxygen supply unit, wherein the loading chamber is provided at an upper end thereof with a first sealing gate to seal the loading chamber, and the gas generating furnace is provided at an upper portion thereof with a second sealing gate to seal the gas generating furnace, such that when the raw material is fed into the gas generating furnace, external air is prevented from entering the gas generating furnace and combustion gas in the gas generating furnace is prevented from being discharged to an outside, whereby oxygen is supplied into the gas generating furnace to increase the content and concentration of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in combustion gas generated during pyrolysis, and thus it is possible to increase the production of syngas.

A furnace monitoring device for monitoring the inside of a gasifier through which a combustible gas flows is provided with: a nozzle that has an internal cavity, and that is inserted inside the gasifier and fixed to the gasifier; a cylindrical protection tube which is inserted into the nozzle, and a part of which, located on the inside of the gasifier is, blocked; a monitoring window which is provided on the protection tube on the inside of the gasifier, and is made of a material that transmits light; a purge mechanism which supplies a gas containing an oxidizer to a surface of the monitoring window facing the inside of the gasifier; and an image capturing means which captures an image of the inside of the gasifier through the monitoring window.

This invention relates to a power recovery process in waste steam/CO.sub.2 reformers in which a waste stream can be made to release energy without having to burn the waste or the syngas. This invention in some embodiments does not make use of fuel cells as a component but makes use of exothermic chemical reactors using syngas to produce heat, such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. It also relates to control or elimination of the emissions of greenhouse gases in the power recovery process of this invention with the goal of producing energy in the future carbonless world economy.