The present disclosure generally relates to the catalytic conversion of alcohols into hydrocarbon ketones suitable for use as fuels. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to the catalytic conversion of a mixture of isopropanol-butanol-ethanol (IBE) or acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE), into ketones suitable for use as fuels. The ABE or IBE mixtures may be obtained from the fermentation of biomass or sugars.

The present disclosure generally relates to the catalytic conversion of alcohols into hydrocarbon ketones suitable for use as fuels. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to the catalytic conversion of a mixture of isopropanol-butanol-ethanol (IBE) or acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE), into ketones suitable for use as fuels. The ABE or IBE mixtures may be obtained from the fermentation of biomass or sugars.

Methods of separating products from the catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass are described. In a preferred method, a portion of the products from a pyrolysis reactor are recovered and separated using a quench system and solvent contacting system that employs materials produced in the pyrolysis process.

Methods of separating products from the catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass are described. In a preferred method, a portion of the products from a pyrolysis reactor are recovered and separated using a quench system and solvent contacting system that employs materials produced in the pyrolysis process.

An on the fly fuel reformer device to produce variations in the autoignition and burning rate properties of a fuel by appropriate processing of some or all of a single fuel supply in its liquid form. The system includes a non-thermal plasma generator and/or a UV radiation source in contact with a fuel line so as to contact a multi-phase fuel in the line and dynamically modify the fuel to exhibit desired autoignition characteristics and burn rate such that the engine can operate with increased efficiency and lower emissions

Membrane-based method of washing and deacidification of oils, wherein a stream of oil is conveyed from an oil reservoir along one side of porous hydrophobic membrane, and washing aqueous solution is conveyed along another side of this membrane. The membranes form hollow fibers, and their total surface area and porosity are large enough for efficient removal of fatty acids, water, ions and hydrophilic organic impurities from oil. Membrane pore size is small enough, so that hydrodynamic mixing of oil and aqueous solution does not take place. Additional stabilization of oil/water meniscus in the pores is achieved by transmembrane pressure difference.

A method of recovering one or more insoluble oils from a liquid source using one or more membrane or membrane contactors, comprising the steps of: pumping the liquid source comprising the one or more oils to the membranes or membrane contactors, contacting the liquid source with a first surface of the membrane or membrane contactors, coalescing the one or more oils within the liquid source onto the first surface of the membrane contactors, pumping one or more recovery fluids through the membrane or membrane contactors in contact with the second surface of the membrane or membrane contactors, and removing a first stream of oil coalesced from the second surface of the membranes or membrane contactors.

Described herein are processes for one-step delignification and hydrodeoxygenation of lignin fraction a biomass feedstock. The lignin feedstock is derived from by-products of paper production and biorefineries. Additionally described is a process for converting biomass-derived oxygenates to lower oxygen-content compounds and/or hydrocarbons in the liquid or vapor phase in a reactor system containing hydrogen and a catalyst comprised of a hydrogenation function and/or an oxophilic function and/or an acid function. Finally, also described herein is a process for converting biomass-derived oxygenates to lower oxygen-content compounds and/or hydrocarbons in the liquid or vapor phase in a reactor system containing hydrogen and a catalyst comprised of a hydrogenation function and/or an oxophilic function and/or an acid function.

Described herein are processes for one-step delignification and hydrodeoxygenation of lignin fraction a biomass feedstock. The lignin feedstock is derived from by-products of paper production and biorefineries. Additionally described is a process for converting biomass-derived oxygenates to lower oxygen-content compounds and/or hydrocarbons in the liquid or vapor phase in a reactor system containing hydrogen and a catalyst comprised of a hydrogenation function and/or an oxophilic function and/or an acid function. Finally, also described herein is a process for converting biomass-derived oxygenates to lower oxygen-content compounds and/or hydrocarbons in the liquid or vapor phase in a reactor system containing hydrogen and a catalyst comprised of a hydrogenation function and/or an oxophilic function and/or an acid function.

One exemplary embodiment can be a process for producing a diesel fuel. The process can include providing a hydrocarbon feed to a residue processing unit. Generally, the residue processing unit includes a solvent deasphalting zone, a hydroprocessing zone, and a hydroprocessing fractionation zone. The process can further include recycling at least a portion of an unconverted oil stream from the hydroprocessing fractionation zone, and sending one part of the at least a portion of the recycled unconverted oil stream to the unconverted oil fractionation zone providing a light unconverted oil stream downstream of the solvent deasphalting zone and a heavy unconverted oil stream to the solvent deasphalting zone.