The use is described of polymers which contain, in copolymerized form, an -olefin, a vinyl ester and an ester of an ,-unsaturated carboxylic acid as an additive for fuel oils and lubricants and in particular as a cold flow improver in fuel oils. In addition, the fuel oils and lubricants additized with these polymers; and also additive packages comprising such polymers are described.

A method of preparing agglomerates of ultra-fine coal particles includes mixing a film forming agglomeration aid (FFAA) with a quantity of ultra-fine coal particles to form ultra-fine coal particles coated with the FFAA. The FFAA has a lower surface energy relative to a surface of the ultra-fine coal particles. The FFAA is mixed with the ultra-fine coal particles in an amount less than 3% by weight of the ultra-fine coal particles on a dry basis. Agglomerates of the ultra-fine coal particles coated with the film forming agglomeration aid are formed using vibration, pelleting, and/or briquetting. The agglomerates have a size of at least 2 mm. The ultra-fine coal particles have a particle size less than 100 m. The agglomerate has a tumbler test friability less than 3%. The drop shatter friability is also less than 3%.

A method of treating petroleum fluids may include adding a flow improver composition to the petroleum fluids, the flow improver composition, comprising: a solvent; and a dendrimer-based flow improver, wherein at least a portion of the surface sites of the dendrimer are chemically modified with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

The present invention relates to a composition of additives comprising: at least one first compound selected from: (i) copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate having a molar mass Mn included in the range ranging from 10,000 to 60,000 g.Math.mol1, optionally grafted by at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate group, the alkyl chain of which is saturated and contains from 12 to 30 carbon atoms; and (ii) polymers comprising at least 90 mol % of units derived from alkyl. (meth)acrylate monomer, the alkyl chain of which is saturated and contains from 18 to 22 carbon atoms; and at least one second compound selected from the modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resins. The invention also relates to the use of this composition of additives for lowering the viscosity of a liquid petroleum product such as a crude oil and for reducing the deposition of paraffins.

Described herein are associative polymers capable of controlling a physical and/or chemical property of non-polar compositions that can be used when the non-polar composition is in a flow, and related compositions, methods and systems. Associative polymers herein described have a non-polar backbone with a longest span having a molecular weight that remains substantially unchanged under the flow conditions and functional groups presented at ends of the non-polar backbone, with a number of the functional groups presented at the ends of the non-polar backbone formed by associative functional groups capable of undergoing an associative interaction with another associative functional group with an association constant (k) such that the strength of each associative interaction is less than the strength of a covalent bond between atoms and in particular less than the strength of a covalent bond between backbone atoms.

Method for reducing intake valve deposits in a spark ignition internal combustion engine which is fuelled with a gasoline fuel composition, wherein the method comprises introducing into the engine an aqueous based composition, wherein the aqueous based composition comprises (i) water, (ii) from 0 vol % to 40 vol % freezing point suppression agent, (iii) from 0 vol % to 10 vol % of surfactant, and (iv) an amine compound in a blending amount of from 0 ppmw to 1000 ppmw.

A method of transporting non-volatile bituminous materials from a first location to a second location involves carrying a plurality of irregular bricks formed by the bituminous material in transport chambers carried by vehicles. Bricks are defined by a plurality of non-planar surface, which create gaps between adjacent bricks, and can further include polymer skeletons and other features that help them float. The bricks can travel by land, sea, air, or rail and need not be heated while in transit. Transport chambers have active or preferably passive environmental control systems to circulate cooling air, water, or other substances through the transport chamber and the gaps between adjacent bricks. In a preferred embodiment, ambient air circulates among the bricks during travel by land and ambient water circulates among the bricks during marine travel. The vehicles carrying the transport chambers can be low-emissions or zero-emission vehicles including fuel-cell powered trains and ships.

The use of at one or more additives to reduce the filter blocking tendency of a fuel composition having a tendency to block filters, wherein the fuel composition comprises a renewable diesel component and a biodiesel component; and wherein the one or more additives are selected from (a) a copolymer comprising units of formula (I):

##STR00001## and units of formula (II):

##STR00002##

wherein R is an alkyl group and each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms; (b) the reaction product of a polycarboxylic acid having at least one tertiary amino group and a primary or secondary amine; and (c) the reaction product of secondary amines and a copolymer of maleic anhydride and an -olefin.

A fuel composition including renewable diesel and one or more low temperature enhancing additives selected from (a) a copolymer comprising units of formula (I):

##STR00001##

and units of formula (II):

##STR00002##

In which the R is an alkyl group and each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms; (b) the reaction product of a polycarboxylic acid having at least one tertiary amino group and a primary or secondary amine; and (c) the reaction product of secondary amines and a copolymer of maleic anhydride and an -olefin.

Described herein are associative polymers capable of controlling a physical and/or chemical property of non-polar compositions and related compositions, methods and systems. Associative polymers herein described have a non-polar backbone and functional groups presented at ends of the non-polar backbone, with a number of the functional groups presented at the ends of the non-polar backbone formed by associative functional groups capable of undergoing an associative interaction with another associative functional group with an association constant (k) such that the strength of each associative interaction is less than the strength of a covalent bond between atoms and in particular less than the strength of a covalent bond between backbone atoms.