Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains.

The present technology relates to hydrocarbon fluids, and more particularly, a hydrocarbon lighter fluid derived from renewable sources. Specifically, renewable fatty acids/glycerides are converted to a charcoal lighter fluid with the same or better performance than a petroleum middle distillate derived charcoal lighter fluid.

A combustible heat source for an aerosol-generating article, the combustible heat source comprising: carbon; an alkaline earth metal peroxide ignition aid; and a binding agent comprising at least one non-cellulosic film-forming polymer.

A biofuel product having constituents selected from the group including fat, oil and/or grease components. A container is formed of a biodegradable material having a multiplicity of openings of a size and shape adapted for allowing the fat, oil and/or grease components to pass through the openings to an interior area of the container. An absorbent capture material is positioned in the container and holds a quantity of the fat, oil and/or grease. The container, capture material and fat, oil and/or grease collectively comprise the biofuel product.

Embodiments provide a flammable and fire-resistant carbonaceous heat source and a method and a use for the same. In the embodiments, the flammable and fire-resistant carbonaceous heat source of the present disclosure includes flammable carbon, flame-retardant carbon and a binder, wherein, the flame-retardant carbon includes graphite, the binder includes glutinous rice glue, and based on a total weight of the flammable and fire-resistant carbon heat source, a content of the flammable carbon, the flame-retardant carbon and the binder is 40-75 wt%, 10-45 wt% and 3-15 wt%, respectively. The method for preparing the flammable and fire-resistant carbonaceous heat source of the present disclosure includes the following steps: mixing the flammable carbon, the flame-retardant carbon, and the binder in a content ratio; extruding and shaping a resulting mixture; and drying a resulting mixture.

The fingerprinting system includes a main body, an air movement source, an ignitor, and a hydrocarbon fuel source. The main body includes a handle. The air movement source includes a fan. The air movement source is coupled to the main body. The fingerprinting system is configured to burn the hydrocarbon fuel source to produce soot containing carbon. The air movement source is configured to direct the soot containing carbon toward a surface to be analyzed for fingerprints.

Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains.

For the shipping industry, these fuels provide solutions to long outstanding technical problems that heretofore hindered supply of low sulfur marine fuels in quantities needed to meet worldwide sulfur reduction goals. When ships on the open seas burn cheap low grade heavy bunker oils high in sulfur, nitrogen and metals, the SOx, NOx, and metal oxides go to the environment. This invention converts essentially all of each barrel of crude feed to a single ultraclean fuel versus conventional refining where crude feed is cut into many pieces, and each piece is sent down a separate market path meeting various different product specifications. When in port, ships can generate and sell electricity to land based electrical grids to offset fuel cost in an environment-friendly manner.

A charcoal replacement solid energy fuel comprises wood particles substantially fully impregnated with a melt-flowable, natural, monolignol biopolymer derived from biomass which can be further processed into various shapes of briquettes, pellets and other shapes for grilling, heating/cooking, green coal energy and other applications. The material and its method of making are environmentally friendly, carbon neutral, and lower cost alternative to charcoal or traditional coal. The melt-flowable monolignol based material impregnated into the wood imparts significant water resistance, UV resistance, antimicrobial functionality, faster lighting and higher BTU/lb energy without the need to add carbonize wood or coal. The impregnated wood granules or particles can then be compressed, without the need for additional binder, into various homogenous charcoal briquette replacements, pellets, or shapes for grilling or green coal energy fuel.

For the shipping industry, these fuels provide solutions to long outstanding technical problems that heretofore hindered supply of low sulfur marine fuels in quantities needed to meet worldwide sulfur reduction goals. Marine shipping use of high sulfur bunker oils is reported as largest source of worldwide transportation SOx emissions. When ships on the open seas burn cheap low grade heavy bunker oils high in sulfur, nitrogen and metals, the SOx, NOx, and metal oxides go to the environment. This invention converts essentially all of each barrel of crude feed to a single ultraclean fuel versus conventional refining where crude feed is cut into many pieces, and each piece is sent down a separate market path meeting various different product specifications. When in port, ships can use these fuels to generate and sell electricity to land based electrical grids to offset fuel cost in an environment-friendly manner.