A pressure medium containing at least one Group-14 element-containing organic compound (A) selected from the group consisting of a compound (A1) represented by the general formula (a1) and a compound (A2) represented by the general formula (a2):

##STR00001##

where each of R.sup.a11, R.sup.a12, R.sup.a13, and R.sup.a14 independently represents an alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and Z.sup.a1 represents a carbon atom or a silicon atom:

##STR00002##

where each of R.sup.a21, R.sup.a22, R.sup.a23, and R.sup.a24 independently represents an alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and Z.sup.a2 represents a silicon atom, a germanium atom, a tin atom, or a lead atom.

A method of preparing an article having a slippery surface includes providing a metal-containing surface, chemically modifying the metal-containing surface to roughen the metal-containing surface, and disposing a lubricating layer on the roughened metal-containing surface, wherein the lubricating layer is substantially stabilized on the roughened metal-containing surface.

A method of preparing an article having a slippery surface includes providing a metal-containing surface, chemically modifying the metal-containing surface to roughen the metal-containing surface, and disposing a lubricating layer on the roughened metal-containing surface, wherein the lubricating layer is substantially stabilized on the roughened metal-containing surface.

Disclosed are the use of fluorine substituted olefins, including tetra- and penta-fluoropropenes, in a variety of applications, including in methods of depositing catalyst on a solid support, methods of sterilizing articles, cleaning methods and compositions, methods of applying medicaments, fire extinguishing/suppression compositions and methods, flavor formulations, fragrance formulations and inflating agents.

Disclosed are the use of fluorine substituted olefins, including tetra- and penta-fluoropropenes, in a variety of applications, including in methods of depositing catalyst on a solid support, methods of sterilizing articles, cleaning methods and compositions, methods of applying medicaments, fire extinguishing/suppression compositions and methods, flavor formulations, fragrance formulations and inflating agents.

A perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound of the formula (1):
(Rf-PFPE).sub.-X(SiQ.sub.kY.sub.3-k).sub.(1)
wherein Rf, PFPE, X, Y, Q, k, and are as defined herein, and which is able to from a layer having water-repellency, oil-repellency and antifouling property as well as high surface slip property and high friction durability.

Provided is a lubricant including a silicon-containing ionic liquid represented by formula (1).

##STR00001##

(In the formula, R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, and R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Herein, it is provided that the number of carbon atoms in R.sup.2 is greater than the number of carbon atoms in R.sup.1.)

Provided is a lubricant including a silicon-containing ionic liquid represented by formula (1).

##STR00001##

(In the formula, R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, and R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Herein, it is provided that the number of carbon atoms in R.sup.2 is greater than the number of carbon atoms in R.sup.1.)

The present disclosure describes a strategy to create self-healing, slippery self-lubricating polymers. Lubricating liquids with affinities to polymers can be utilized to get absorbed within the polymer and form a lubricant layer (of the lubricating liquid) on the polymer. The lubricant layer can repel a wide range of materials, including simple and complex fluids (water, hydrocarbons, crude oil and bodily fluids), restore liquid-repellency after physical damage, and resist ice, microorganisms and insects adhesion. Some exemplary applications where self-lubricating polymers will be useful include energy-efficient, friction-reduction fluid handling and transportation, medical devices, anti-icing, optical sensing, and as self-cleaning, and anti-fouling materials operating in extreme environments.

The present disclosure describes a strategy to create self-healing, slippery self-lubricating polymers. Lubricating liquids with affinities to polymers can be utilized to get absorbed within the polymer and form a lubricant layer (of the lubricating liquid) on the polymer. The lubricant layer can repel a wide range of materials, including simple and complex fluids (water, hydrocarbons, crude oil and bodily fluids), restore liquid-repellency after physical damage, and resist ice, microorganisms and insects adhesion. Some exemplary applications where self-lubricating polymers will be useful include energy-efficient, friction-reduction fluid handling and transportation, medical devices, anti-icing, optical sensing, and as self-cleaning, and anti-fouling materials operating in extreme environments.