A lubricating system includes a machine configured to operate in a first operating state and a second operating state; and a heat activated polymer material applied to at least a part of the machine and to remain solid during the first operating state and to soften upon being heated in the second operating state to lubricate the machine. The heat activated polymer material may soften due to increased friction incurred by the machine in the second operating state. A heating element may be operatively connected to any of the machine and the heat activated polymer material. The heat activated polymer material may soften due to being heated by the heating element in the second operating state. An injector may apply the heat activated polymer material to the machine. A channel may direct a flow of the heat activated polymer material as it softens in the second operating state.

Provided are a lubricating material which is made of a non-fluorine-based compound and thus has a surface that is slippery enough for liquid such as water or oil, a lubricant-holding base material which holds a fluorine-based lubricant and thus can be used as a lubricating material, and methods for producing the same. A slippery film has a holding base and a lubricant. The holding base has pillar structure portions and fluorine-containing portions, and the fluorine-containing portions are provided on outer surfaces of a plurality of pillar portions in the pillar structure portion. The lubricant is a fluorine-based liquid, and the fluorine-containing portion has a CF bond. The lubricant is loaded into a region surrounded by a plurality of the pillar portions and is held in this region.

An epilamization agent containing at least one compound including at least hydrophobic and oleophobic moieties arranged to impart epilame properties to the compound, and at least one hydrophilic moiety arranged to make the compound soluble in aqueous medium, the hydrophilic moiety being linked to the compound by at least one cleavable group. A method for coating a substrate with epilame, including: preparing an aqueous epilamization bath by solubilising such an epilamization agent, placing the substrate in contact with the epilamization agent in the epilamization bath, separating the hydrophilic moiety from the epilamization agent by cleavage, rinsing the substrate to eliminate the hydrophilic residues from the hydrophilic moiety and drying.

A fluid contains a base oil and an antioxidant, the base oil consisting of sulfur-containing polyalkylene glycol where greater than 80 weight-percent of the fluid is a sulfur-containing polyalkylene glycol and less than one weight-percent of the fluid is water, with weight percent based on total fluid weight an wherein the sulfur-containing polyalkylene glycol is free of oxygen bound directly to sulfur.

The invention to which this application relates is improvements to the provision of Molybdenum and/or Tungsten containing coatings of the type which can be used to improve certain characteristics of the surface of a substrate to which the coating is applied. In one embodiment the coating also includes Ti to provide the advantages of high adhesion, high humidity and wear resistance of the coating and TiB.sub.2 to promote the formation of a relatively uniform, dense, coating, so strengthening the coating which is formed and improving the high temperature performance of the coatings.

The invention relates to a multilayer superoleophobic and/or superhydrophobic material comprising: on the one hand, a first constituent that is a conductive substrate or a substrate that has previously been rendered conductive (1): the surface of which is modified by chemical and/or physical treatment (2) and that incorporates a first adhesion-promoting conductive layer (3); or that incorporates a first adhesion-promoting conductive layer (3); and, on the other hand, at least one other constituent that is a superoleophobic and/or superhydrophobic polymer or copolymer layer (4, 5 or 6) composed of one or more monomers based on an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring substituted by one or more fluorocarbon and/or hydrocarbon chains. It is characterized in that the various constituents of said material comply with an increasing hydrophobicity gradient between the first layer deposited on the conductive substrate or substrate previously rendered conductive (1) and the last layer of said material.

The invention relates to a multilayer superoleophobic and/or superhydrophobic material comprising: on the one hand, a first constituent that is a conductive substrate or a substrate that has previously been rendered conductive (1): the surface of which is modified by chemical and/or physical treatment (2) and that incorporates a first adhesion-promoting conductive layer (3); or that incorporates a first adhesion-promoting conductive layer (3); and, on the other hand, at least one other constituent that is a superoleophobic and/or superhydrophobic polymer or copolymer layer (4, 5 or 6) composed of one or more monomers based on an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring substituted by one or more fluorocarbon and/or hydrocarbon chains. It is characterized in that the various constituents of said material comply with an increasing hydrophobicity gradient between the first layer deposited on the conductive substrate or substrate previously rendered conductive (1) and the last layer of said material.

A composite sliding member includes a combination of a fiber woven fabric and a resin member, wherein the fiber woven fabric is a multilayer woven fabric having a front surface layer serving as a sliding surface and a rear surface layer adhered to the resin member, the front surface layer mainly including a fluororesin fiber and the rear surface layer mainly including a heat resistant fiber; wherein when a cross section of the composite sliding member crossing the fiber woven fabric, the resin member, and their composite interface is observed, one heat resistant fiber A of such heat resistant fiber at a position adjacent to the resin member with no intervening other fiber in the cross section is observed, and a ratio of a number of monofilaments in the heat resistant fiber A not in close contact with the resin constituting the resin member or adjacent monofilaments in relation to a number of all monofilaments constituting the heat resistant fiber A is R1, and R1 is 0 to 70%.

A composite sliding member includes a combination of a fiber woven fabric and a resin member, wherein the fiber woven fabric is a multilayer woven fabric having a front surface layer serving as a sliding surface and a rear surface layer adhered to the resin member, the front surface layer mainly including a fluororesin fiber and the rear surface layer mainly including a heat resistant fiber; wherein when a cross section of the composite sliding member crossing the fiber woven fabric, the resin member, and their composite interface is observed, one heat resistant fiber A of such heat resistant fiber at a position adjacent to the resin member with no intervening other fiber in the cross section is observed, and a ratio of a number of monofilaments in the heat resistant fiber A not in close contact with the resin constituting the resin member or adjacent monofilaments in relation to a number of all monofilaments constituting the heat resistant fiber A is R1, and R1 is 0 to 70%.

The invention relates to a copolymer and a substrate having a surface, at least one part of which is coated with an epilame agent comprising at least one compound in the form of a copolymer comprising V units, N units, optionally at least one M unit, and optionally at least one P unit, linked by covalent bonds by their main chains, wherein

##STR00001## wherein W, X, Y, Z are spacer arms, T is a tracer group arranged to determine the concentration of epilame agent in an epilame-coating bath, L is a halogenated, preferably fluorinated, C.sub.1-C.sub.20 carbon moiety, A is a substrate anchoring moiety, Q is H, CH.sub.3, or a hydrocarbon chain different from T.

The invention also concerns a method for coating such a substrate with epilame, said method comprising a step of checking the concentration of epilame agent in the epilame-coating bath by means of the tracer group and if necessary, a step of readjusting the concentration of epilame agent in the epilame-coating bath.