A method for forming a lubrication material using self-dispersed crumpled graphene balls as additives in a lubricant base fluid for friction and wear reduction. The lubricant base fluid may be, for example, a polyalphaolefin type-4 (PAO4) oil. After the crumpled graphene balls are added as additives in the lubricant base fluid, the lubricant base fluid with the additives are sonicated for a sonicating time period, so that the crumpled graphene balls are self-dispersed in the lubricant base fluid to improve friction and wear properties of the lubricant base fluid. In some cases, a dispersing agent, such as Triethoxysilane, may be added in the lubricant base fluid to enhance stability of dispersion of the crumpled graphene balls in the lubricant base fluid. The crumpled graphene balls may stay stably dispersed in the lubricant base fluid between a lower temperature (such as 15 C.) to a higher temperature (such as 90 C.).

A method for forming a lubrication material using self-dispersed crumpled graphene balls as additives in a lubricant base fluid for friction and wear reduction. The lubricant base fluid may be, for example, a polyalphaolefin type-4 (PAO4) oil. After the crumpled graphene balls are added as additives in the lubricant base fluid, the lubricant base fluid with the additives are sonicated for a sonicating time period, so that the crumpled graphene balls are self-dispersed in the lubricant base fluid to improve friction and wear properties of the lubricant base fluid. In some cases, a dispersing agent, such as Triethoxysilane, may be added in the lubricant base fluid to enhance stability of dispersion of the crumpled graphene balls in the lubricant base fluid. The crumpled graphene balls may stay stably dispersed in the lubricant base fluid between a lower temperature (such as 15 C.) to a higher temperature (such as 90 C.).

The present disclosure relates to lubricating compositions and methods of lubricating a spark-ignition engine effective to depress low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) events and to maintain low foaming and/or aeration through selected silicon chemistries and treat rates.

The present disclosure relates to lubricating compositions and methods of lubricating a spark-ignition engine effective to depress low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) events and to maintain low foaming and/or aeration through selected silicon chemistries and treat rates.

This invention relates to a method of reducing abnormal combustion events in a hydrogen fueled internal combustion engine (HICE) during operation of the engine. The method includes the steps of: a) providing to the HICE a lubricating oil composition including or resulting from the admixing of: i) a base oil having a KV100 of less than or equal to 12 cSt and included at greater than 50 wt. % of the composition and comprising a Group I base oil, a Group II base oil, a Group III base oil, a Group IV base oil, or combinations thereof; ii) at least one overbased metal containing detergent with a Total Base Number (KOH/g) greater than or equal to 9 and less than or equal to 500 and included at a treat level to deliver between 100 to 5000 ppm by weight of total metal and between 0.15 wt. % to 8.0 wt. % of total soap to the composition; iii) at least one silicon containing compound included at a treat level to deliver between 50 to 900 ppm by weight of total silicon to the composition; and iv) the lubricating oil composition having a total sulfated ash of less than or equal to 2.0 wt. %, a total phosphorous level of less than or equal to 0.120 wt. %, and a SAE viscosity grade of 25W-X, 20W-X, 15W-X, 10W-X, 5W-X or 0W-X, where X represents any one of 8, 12, 16, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 60; b) providing a fuel comprising hydrogen to the HICE; and c) combusting the fuel in the HICE. Also provided are a lubricating oil composition and a concentrate for use in a HICE to reduce the propensity for abnormal combustion events.

This invention relates to a method of reducing abnormal combustion events in a hydrogen fueled internal combustion engine (HICE) during operation of the engine. The method includes the steps of: a) providing to the HICE a lubricating oil composition including or resulting from the admixing of: i) a base oil having a KV100 of less than or equal to 12 cSt and included at greater than 50 wt. % of the composition and comprising a Group I base oil, a Group II base oil, a Group III base oil, a Group IV base oil, or combinations thereof; ii) at least one overbased metal containing detergent with a Total Base Number (KOH/g) greater than or equal to 9 and less than or equal to 500 and included at a treat level to deliver between 100 to 5000 ppm by weight of total metal and between 0.15 wt. % to 8.0 wt. % of total soap to the composition; iii) at least one silicon containing compound included at a treat level to deliver between 50 to 900 ppm by weight of total silicon to the composition; and iv) the lubricating oil composition having a total sulfated ash of less than or equal to 2.0 wt. %, a total phosphorous level of less than or equal to 0.120 wt. %, and a SAE viscosity grade of 25W-X, 20W-X, 15W-X, 10W-X, 5W-X or 0W-X, where X represents any one of 8, 12, 16, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 60; b) providing a fuel comprising hydrogen to the HICE; and c) combusting the fuel in the HICE. Also provided are a lubricating oil composition and a concentrate for use in a HICE to reduce the propensity for abnormal combustion events.

In one or more embodiments, this application relates to tribotechnical additive and lubricant compositions based on self-assembled carbon nanoarchitectonics derived through nanoscale modifications of organosilane-functionalized nanocarbon with one or multiple combinations of organo-molybdenum, organo-boron, organo-sulfur, organo-phosphorus, and heterocyclic compounds. The novel lubricant is characterized by having a composition comprising (A) one or more types of the novel additive compositions, (B) Base oil//lubricant, and optionally (C) one or more additives selected from the group including antioxidants, dispersants, detergents, anti-wear additives, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index modifiers, seal swell additives, defoamers, pour point depressants and corrosion/rust inhibitors. The selfassembled carbon nanoarchitectonics is expected to enhance the surface chemistry, antiwear, antifriction, antioxidancy, electrothermal, and corrosion inhibiting characteristics of the tribotechnical compositions for formulating high-quality solutions in a wide range of applications.

In one or more embodiments, this application relates to tribotechnical additive and lubricant compositions based on self-assembled carbon nanoarchitectonics derived through nanoscale modifications of organosilane-functionalized nanocarbon with one or multiple combinations of organo-molybdenum, organo-boron, organo-sulfur, organo-phosphorus, and heterocyclic compounds. The novel lubricant is characterized by having a composition comprising (A) one or more types of the novel additive compositions, (B) Base oil//lubricant, and optionally (C) one or more additives selected from the group including antioxidants, dispersants, detergents, anti-wear additives, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index modifiers, seal swell additives, defoamers, pour point depressants and corrosion/rust inhibitors. The selfassembled carbon nanoarchitectonics is expected to enhance the surface chemistry, antiwear, antifriction, antioxidancy, electrothermal, and corrosion inhibiting characteristics of the tribotechnical compositions for formulating high-quality solutions in a wide range of applications.

The present disclosure provides for methods of improving the performance of a combustion engine after-treatment device, such as particulate filters and/or three-way catalyst systems, over its useful life by using a lubricating oil composition including one or more base oils of lubricating viscosity and an additive package with increased amounts of least one oil-soluble silicon-containing compound.

The present disclosure provides for methods of improving the performance of a combustion engine after-treatment device, such as particulate filters and/or three-way catalyst systems, over its useful life by using a lubricating oil composition including one or more base oils of lubricating viscosity and an additive package with increased amounts of least one oil-soluble silicon-containing compound.