Lubricating compositions comprising an azole-acrylic adduct formed by contacting an azole compound with an acrylic. The adduct formed has at least one nitrogen-alkyl group comprising at least one acyl. The lubricating composition also comprises an antiwear agent and an antioxidant. Methods of lubricating an internal combustion engine comprising contacting the internal combustion engine with the lubricating composition comprising an azole-acrylic adduct formed by contacting an azole compound with an acrylic. Methods of reducing corrosion and/or seal deterioration in an internal combustion engine. The use of an azole-acrylic adduct in a lubricating composition to reduce corrosion and/or seal deterioration in an internal combustion engine.

Lubricating compositions comprising an azole-acrylic adduct formed by contacting an azole compound with an acrylic. The adduct formed has at least one nitrogen-alkyl group comprising at least one acyl. The lubricating composition also comprises an antiwear agent and an antioxidant. Methods of lubricating an internal combustion engine comprising contacting the internal combustion engine with the lubricating composition comprising an azole-acrylic adduct formed by contacting an azole compound with an acrylic. Methods of reducing corrosion and/or seal deterioration in an internal combustion engine. The use of an azole-acrylic adduct in a lubricating composition to reduce corrosion and/or seal deterioration in an internal combustion engine.

A lubricating composition including: a base oil, a lubricant additive composition including, as a component (A), an organic molybdenum compound of the formula (1) described in the specification, and as a component (B), an amine compound of the formula (2) described in the specification, and a specific metal-based cleaner, wherein a content of the component (B) is 2.9 to 18.6 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of molybdenum atoms of the component (A), and a content of the metal-based cleaner is 0.1% to 10% by mass relative to a total amount of the lubricating composition, wherein the lubricating composition does not include tetraalkyl thiuram disulphide, and wherein the component (A) in terms of the amount of molybdenum atoms is 400 to 1200 ppm by mass relative to a total amount of the lubricating composition.

A lubricating composition including: a base oil, a lubricant additive composition including, as a component (A), an organic molybdenum compound of the formula (1) described in the specification, and as a component (B), an amine compound of the formula (2) described in the specification, and a specific metal-based cleaner, wherein a content of the component (B) is 2.9 to 18.6 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of molybdenum atoms of the component (A), and a content of the metal-based cleaner is 0.1% to 10% by mass relative to a total amount of the lubricating composition, wherein the lubricating composition does not include tetraalkyl thiuram disulphide, and wherein the component (A) in terms of the amount of molybdenum atoms is 400 to 1200 ppm by mass relative to a total amount of the lubricating composition.

A lubricating oil composition including a major amount of a base oil, one or more calcium-containing detergents to provide at least 1000 ppmw of calcium, and one or more silicon-containing compound(s) to provide at least 50 ppmw of silicon to the lubricating oil composition, all based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, wherein a ratio of ppmw of silicon provided by the one or more silicon-containing compound(s) to the lubricating oil composition to the ppmw of calcium provided by the one or more calcium-containing detergent(s) to the lubricating oil composition is from 0.02 to 1. Methods of using these compositions and silicon-containing detergents are also described.

A lubricating oil composition including a major amount of a base oil, one or more calcium-containing detergents to provide at least 1000 ppmw of calcium, and one or more silicon-containing compound(s) to provide at least 50 ppmw of silicon to the lubricating oil composition, all based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, wherein a ratio of ppmw of silicon provided by the one or more silicon-containing compound(s) to the lubricating oil composition to the ppmw of calcium provided by the one or more calcium-containing detergent(s) to the lubricating oil composition is from 0.02 to 1. Methods of using these compositions and silicon-containing detergents are also described.

A method of lubricating at least a portion of a powertrain in a vehicle with an electric motor with a functional fluid composition containing greater than 50 wt % of a base oil; and an additive composition prepared by mixing: a) a hydrocarbyl acid phosphate of the formula (I) to provide at least 50 ppmw phosphorus to the functional fluid composition; ##STR00001##
wherein R is a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 hydrocarbyl group and R.sub.1 is selected from hydrogen and a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 hydrocarbyl group; b) an amount of one or more calcium-containing detergent(s) sufficient to provide at least 25 ppmw calcium to the functional fluid composition; and c) one or more nitrogen containing dispersants in an amount sufficient to provide greater than 20 ppmw of nitrogen to the functional fluid composition, all based on the total weight of the functional fluid composition. Functional fluid compositions containing the above-mentioned components and lubricating methods are also disclosed herein.

The present disclosure provides a lubricating composition that includes one or more boron-containing compounds and method of forming the same. The lubricating composition includes one or more boron-containing compounds, one or more metal-based detergents, one or more amine-based antioxidants, one or more phenol-based antioxidants, and a base oil balance. The lubricating composition includes greater than or equal to about 60 ppm to less than or equal to about 300 ppm of boron atoms that define the one or more boron-containing compounds; greater than or equal to about 1,100 ppm of metal atoms that define the one or more metal-based detergents; greater than or equal to about 0.70 wt. % to less than or equal to about 2.00 wt. % of the one or more amine-based antioxidants; and greater than or equal to about 0.30 wt. % to less than or equal to about 2.00 wt. %, of the one or more phenol-based antioxidants.

The present disclosure provides a lubricating composition that includes one or more boron-containing compounds and method of forming the same. The lubricating composition includes one or more boron-containing compounds, one or more metal-based detergents, one or more amine-based antioxidants, one or more phenol-based antioxidants, and a base oil balance. The lubricating composition includes greater than or equal to about 60 ppm to less than or equal to about 300 ppm of boron atoms that define the one or more boron-containing compounds; greater than or equal to about 1,100 ppm of metal atoms that define the one or more metal-based detergents; greater than or equal to about 0.70 wt. % to less than or equal to about 2.00 wt. % of the one or more amine-based antioxidants; and greater than or equal to about 0.30 wt. % to less than or equal to about 2.00 wt. %, of the one or more phenol-based antioxidants.

A magnetorheological fluid is provided having a reduced coefficient of friction and favorable settling characteristics. The fluid contains magnetically responsive particles, a carrier fluid, and an amine oleate salt.