This application relates to copolymer compositions and copolymerization processes, as well as to lubricating oil compositions comprising such copolymer compositions as viscosity index improvers, and base oil. The copolymer compositions may be made using two different metallocene catalysts: one capable of producing high molecular weight copolymers; and one suitable for producing lower molecular weight copolymers having at least a portion of vinyl terminations, and the copolymer compositions produced thereby. Copolymer compositions may comprise (1) a first ethylene copolymer fraction having high molecular weight, exhibiting branching topology, and having relatively lower ethylene content (based on the weight of the first ethylene copolymer fraction); and (2) a second ethylene copolymer fraction having low molecular weight, exhibiting linear rheology, and having relatively higher ethylene content (based on the weight of the second ethylene copolymer fraction). Lubricating oil compositions comprising such copolymer compositions may exhibit superior viscosity properties.

This invention relates to a lubricating oil composition comprising or resulting from the admixing of: a) 50 to 99 mass % of one or more base oils; b) 0.1 to 15 mass % of one or more functionalized olefin copolymer having an Mn of from 10,000 to 35,000 g/mol; c) 0.1 to 20 mass % of one or more detergents wherein the detergent comprises at least one calcium detergent having a TBN of more than 100 mg KOH/g; at least one calcium detergent having a TBN of 100 mg KOH/g or less; and at least one magnesium detergent, where the difference in the TBN's for the Ca detergents is at least 100 mg KOH/g; d) 0.01 to 40 mass % of one or more dispersants wherein the dispersants comprise at least one borated dispersant and at least one non borated dispersant; e) 0.01 to 20 of mass % sulfurized fatty acid ester; f) 0.01 to 5 mass % of one or more amine or phenol based antioxidants; and g) 0.001 to 15 mass % of molybdenum containing compound, where the lubricating oil composition has: 1) a sulfated ash content of 0.9 mass % or less; 2) a Mack T-11 final soot %@15 cSt of 6.7% or more; 3) a total base number of 5 to 30 mg KOH/g; 4) HTCBT of copper level increase of 20 ppm or less; 5) T-13 IR peak EOT of 40 abs/cm or less; and 6) Cam wear outlet of 45 ?m or less.

This invention relates to a lubricating oil composition comprising or resulting from the admixing of: a) 50 to 99 mass % of one or more base oils; b) 0.1 to 15 mass % of one or more functionalized olefin copolymer having an Mn of from 10,000 to 35,000 g/mol; c) 0.1 to 20 mass % of one or more detergents wherein the detergent comprises at least one calcium detergent having a TBN of more than 100 mg KOH/g; at least one calcium detergent having a TBN of 100 mg KOH/g or less; and at least one magnesium detergent, where the difference in the TBN's for the Ca detergents is at least 100 mg KOH/g; d) 0.01 to 40 mass % of one or more dispersants wherein the dispersants comprise at least one borated dispersant and at least one non borated dispersant; e) 0.01 to 20 of mass % sulfurized fatty acid ester; f) 0.01 to 5 mass % of one or more amine or phenol based antioxidants; and g) 0.001 to 15 mass % of molybdenum containing compound, where the lubricating oil composition has: 1) a sulfated ash content of 0.9 mass % or less; 2) a Mack T-11 final soot %@15 cSt of 6.7% or more; 3) a total base number of 5 to 30 mg KOH/g; 4) HTCBT of copper level increase of 20 ppm or less; 5) T-13 IR peak EOT of 40 abs/cm or less; and 6) Cam wear outlet of 45 ?m or less.

Metal powder compositions for pressed powder metallurgy, and methods of forming metal parts using the metal powder compositions. The metal powder compositions include a metal powder and a lubricant system, which are pressed to form a green compact. When the green compact is heated during a delubing process, the lubricant system provides a reactive carbon coating on the surface of the metal powder, which upon subsequent sintering, reacts with metal oxides present on the surface of the metal powder to form gas that is easily removed from the system. Removing the metal oxides from the surface of the metal powder provides a more dense metal part, and allows for sintering of the green compact without the need for hydrogen gas, which would otherwise be needed to remove the metal oxides on the surface of the metal powder.

Metal powder compositions for pressed powder metallurgy, and methods of forming metal parts using the metal powder compositions. The metal powder compositions include a metal powder and a lubricant system, which are pressed to form a green compact. When the green compact is heated during a delubing process, the lubricant system provides a reactive carbon coating on the surface of the metal powder, which upon subsequent sintering, reacts with metal oxides present on the surface of the metal powder to form gas that is easily removed from the system. Removing the metal oxides from the surface of the metal powder provides a more dense metal part, and allows for sintering of the green compact without the need for hydrogen gas, which would otherwise be needed to remove the metal oxides on the surface of the metal powder.

Disclosed herein is a mineral base oil satisfying the following requirements (I) to (V): (I): a kinematic viscosity at 100 C. is 2 mm.sup.2/s or more and less than 7 mm.sup.2/s; (II): a viscosity index is 100 or more; (III): a temperature gradient |*| of complex viscosity between two points of 10 C. and 25 C. is 60 Pa.Math.s/ C. or less as measured with a rotary rheometer under conditions at an angular velocity of 6.3 rad/s and a strain amount of 0.1 to 100%; (IV): a content ratio [R1/R2] of a monocyclo paraffin component (R1) to a dicyclo to hexacyclo paraffin component (R2) is 0.70 or less by a volume ratio as measured in accordance with ASTM D2786; and (V): a % C.sub.A is less than 1.0.

Disclosed herein is a mineral base oil satisfying the following requirements (I) to (V): (I): a kinematic viscosity at 100 C. is 2 mm.sup.2/s or more and less than 7 mm.sup.2/s; (II): a viscosity index is 100 or more; (III): a temperature gradient |*| of complex viscosity between two points of 10 C. and 25 C. is 60 Pa.Math.s/ C. or less as measured with a rotary rheometer under conditions at an angular velocity of 6.3 rad/s and a strain amount of 0.1 to 100%; (IV): a content ratio [R1/R2] of a monocyclo paraffin component (R1) to a dicyclo to hexacyclo paraffin component (R2) is 0.70 or less by a volume ratio as measured in accordance with ASTM D2786; and (V): a % C.sub.A is less than 1.0.

Provided is a lubricating oil composition comprising: (a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, (b) a dispersant polymethacrylate (DPMA) VII; (c) a non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer viscosity index improver; (d) a molybdenum containing compound; and (e) a minor amount of a salicylate detergent. Also provided is a method of improving friction and reducing wear in an internal combustion engine using said lubricating oil composition

Provided is a lubricating oil composition comprising: (a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, (b) a dispersant polymethacrylate (DPMA) VII; (c) a non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer viscosity index improver; (d) a molybdenum containing compound; and (e) a minor amount of a salicylate detergent. Also provided is a method of improving friction and reducing wear in an internal combustion engine using said lubricating oil composition

Provided is a lubricating oil comprising: (a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, (b) a dispersant polymethacrylate (DPMA) VII, (c) a non-dispersant ethylene-based olefin copolymer viscosity index improver, (d) a magnesium containing detergent; wherein the lubricating oil composition is substantially free of molybdenum containing element. Also provided is a method for improving friction and reducing wear in an internal combustion engine using said engine lubricating oil composition.