One aspect of the disclosure relates to a sliding member. The sliding member includes: a first sliding portion having a first lubricant placed between first parts of a first friction sliding mechanism; a second sliding portion having a second lubricant placed between second parts of a second friction sliding mechanism; and a third sliding portion having a third lubricant placed between third parts of a third friction sliding mechanism. The first sliding portion is in contact with the third lubricant, and the second sliding portion is not in contact with the third lubricant. The second lubricant contains an additive containing conductive carbon, and the third lubricant contains no conductive carbon. The second lubricant contains a relatively larger amount of the conductive carbon than the first lubricant.

One aspect of the disclosure relates to a sliding member. The sliding member includes: a first sliding portion having a first lubricant placed between first parts of a first friction sliding mechanism; a second sliding portion having a second lubricant placed between second parts of a second friction sliding mechanism; and a third sliding portion having a third lubricant placed between third parts of a third friction sliding mechanism. The first sliding portion is in contact with the third lubricant, and the second sliding portion is not in contact with the third lubricant. The second lubricant contains an additive containing conductive carbon, and the third lubricant contains no conductive carbon. The second lubricant contains a relatively larger amount of the conductive carbon than the first lubricant.

A fluorine-containing ether compound represented by formula (1) shown below.

R.sup.4—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3—CH.sub.2—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—R.sup.1—CH.sub.2—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3—CH.sub.2—R.sup.4  (1)

(In formula (1), R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 represent different perfluoropolyether chains, R.sup.2 represents a linking group containing one or more polar groups, and R.sup.4 represents a terminal group containing two or more polar groups.)

The present invention relates to a mechanochemical based synthesis of perfluoropyridine monomers, polymers made using such monomers and methods of making and using articles comprising such polymers. Such perfluoropyridine monomers are easily chemically tuned have the strength needed for high temperature applications and the flexibility needed for low temperature applications. In addition, to the aforementioned monomers, a mechanochemical based synthesis for such perfluoropyridine monomers is provided. All of the aforementioned performance application advantages are also found in polymers comprising Applicants' perfluoropyridine monomers.

The present invention relates to a mechanochemical based synthesis of perfluoropyridine monomers, polymers made using such monomers and methods of making and using articles comprising such polymers. Such perfluoropyridine monomers are easily chemically tuned have the strength needed for high temperature applications and the flexibility needed for low temperature applications. In addition, to the aforementioned monomers, a mechanochemical based synthesis for such perfluoropyridine monomers is provided. All of the aforementioned performance application advantages are also found in polymers comprising Applicants' perfluoropyridine monomers.

According to one aspect of the present invention, an organic fluorine compound is represented by a general formula
(R-π-E-CH.sub.2).sub.2-A  (1A)
(where A is a divalent perfluoropolyether group, π is an arylene group or a single bond, R is an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group, and E is an ether bond or an ester bond or a group that is represented by a chemical formula
—O—CH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2O—
two groups each of which is represented by a general formula
R-π-E-CH.sub.2—
may be the same or different, and at least one n among two π is an arylene group).

According to one aspect of the present invention, an organic fluorine compound is represented by a general formula
(R-π-E-CH.sub.2).sub.2-A  (1A)
(where A is a divalent perfluoropolyether group, π is an arylene group or a single bond, R is an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group, and E is an ether bond or an ester bond or a group that is represented by a chemical formula
—O—CH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2O—
two groups each of which is represented by a general formula
R-π-E-CH.sub.2—
may be the same or different, and at least one n among two π is an arylene group).

Low-friction fluorinated coatings are disclosed herein. A preferred low-friction material contains a low-surface-energy fluoropolymer having a surface energy between about 5 mJ/m.sup.2 to about 50 mJ/m.sup.2, and a hygroscopic material that is covalently connected to the fluoropolymer in a triblock copolymer, such as PEG-PFPE-PEG. The material forms a lubricating surface layer in the presence of humidity. An exemplary copolymer comprises fluoropolymers with average molecular weight from 500 g/mol to 20,000 g/mol, wherein the fluoropolymers are (α,ω)-hydroxyl-terminated and/or (α,ω)-amine-terminated, and wherein the fluoropolymers are present in the triblock structure T-(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O)—CH.sub.2—CF.sub.2—O—(CF.sub.2—CF.sub.2—O).sub.m(CF.sub.2—O).sub.n—CF.sub.2—CH.sub.2—(O—CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2).sub.p-T where T is a hydroxyl or amine terminal group, p=1 to 50, m=1 to 100, and n=1 to 100. The copolymer also contains isocyanate species and polyol or polyamine chain extenders or crosslinkers possessing a functionality of preferably 3 or greater. These durable, solvent-resistant, and transparent coatings reduce insect debris following impact.

Low-friction fluorinated coatings are disclosed herein. A preferred low-friction material contains a low-surface-energy fluoropolymer having a surface energy between about 5 mJ/m.sup.2 to about 50 mJ/m.sup.2, and a hygroscopic material that is covalently connected to the fluoropolymer in a triblock copolymer, such as PEG-PFPE-PEG. The material forms a lubricating surface layer in the presence of humidity. An exemplary copolymer comprises fluoropolymers with average molecular weight from 500 g/mol to 20,000 g/mol, wherein the fluoropolymers are (α,ω)-hydroxyl-terminated and/or (α,ω)-amine-terminated, and wherein the fluoropolymers are present in the triblock structure T-(CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—O)—CH.sub.2—CF.sub.2—O—(CF.sub.2—CF.sub.2—O).sub.m(CF.sub.2—O).sub.n—CF.sub.2—CH.sub.2—(O—CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2).sub.p-T where T is a hydroxyl or amine terminal group, p=1 to 50, m=1 to 100, and n=1 to 100. The copolymer also contains isocyanate species and polyol or polyamine chain extenders or crosslinkers possessing a functionality of preferably 3 or greater. These durable, solvent-resistant, and transparent coatings reduce insect debris following impact.

This invention provides a threaded connection for pipes or tubes having excellent misalignment resistance and high torque on shoulder resistance, and also having excellent corrosion resistance properties, as well as a method for producing the threaded connection for pipes or tubes. The threaded connection for pipes or tubes includes a pin and a box. The pin and the box include contact surfaces having threaded portions and unthreaded metal contact portions. The threaded connection for pipes or tubes includes, on at least one of the contact surfaces of the pin and the box, surface roughness, a Zn—Ni alloy plating layer, a Cu—Sn—Zn alloy plating layer and a solid lubricant coating layer. These are deposited from the contact surface side in the order of: surface roughness, the Zn—Ni alloy plating layer, the Cu—Sn—Zn alloy plating layer and the solid lubricant coating layer.