(1) A cylinder lubricating oil composition for a crosshead diesel engine, the composition having: a sulfated ash content of 2.0 to 5.5 mass %; a base number of 15 to 45 mgKOH/g; and an autoignition temperature of no less than 262° C. (2) A cylinder lubricating oil composition for a crosshead diesel engine, comprising: a lubricant base oil; (B) a Ca sulfonate detergent having a base number of no less than 10 mgKOH/g and less than 60 mgKOH/g; (C) a Ca phenate detergent having a base number of 55 to 200 mgKOH/g; (D′) an amine antioxidant; and (E′) a zinc dithiophosphate, wherein the composition has a base number of no less than 15 mgKOH/g and less than 120 mgKOH/g.

A fluorine-containing ether compound represented by the following formula (1).
C.sub.6H.sub.6-n—[O—R.sup.1—O—CH.sub.2—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3].sub.n  (1)
(in the formula (1), n is an integer of 2 or 3, R.sup.1 is any one of —CH.sub.2CH.sub.2—, —CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2— and —CH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2—, R.sup.2 is a perfluoropolyether chain, R.sup.3 is —OCH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2O(CH.sub.2).sub.mOH (m in the formula is an integer of 2 to 4)).

A fluorine-containing ether compound represented by the following formula (1).
C.sub.6H.sub.6-n—[O—R.sup.1—O—CH.sub.2—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3].sub.n  (1)
(in the formula (1), n is an integer of 2 or 3, R.sup.1 is any one of —CH.sub.2CH.sub.2—, —CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2— and —CH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2—, R.sup.2 is a perfluoropolyether chain, R.sup.3 is —OCH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2O(CH.sub.2).sub.mOH (m in the formula is an integer of 2 to 4)).

Provided herein are lubricant compositions comprising renewable base oils as embodied by hydrocarbon mixtures with controlled structure characteristics in combination with lubricant additives that address performance requirements and stricter environmental and fuel economy regulations. The lubricant composition provides performance in the cold crank simulated viscosity (CCS) vs Noack volatility relationship, which allows for the formulation of lower viscosity engine oils with improved fuel economy, improved fuel economy retention, and retained LSPI prevention additionally conferring improved characteristics to other devices or apparatus requiring lubrication.

The present invention relates to a Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100 C. according to ASTM D445 in the range of from 15 to 35 mm.sup.2/s, an average number of carbon atoms per molecule Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil according to .sup.13C-NMR in a range of from 25 to 50.

The present invention relates to a Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100 C. according to ASTM D445 in the range of from 15 to 35 mm.sup.2/s, an average number of carbon atoms per molecule Fischer-Tropsch derived residual base oil according to .sup.13C-NMR in a range of from 25 to 50.

The present invention provides a refrigerating machine oil comprising: a base oil; a compound represented by the following formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a monovalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.3 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group and R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group; and an epoxy compound.

The present invention provides a refrigerating machine oil comprising: a base oil; a compound represented by the following formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a monovalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.3 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group and R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group; and an epoxy compound.

Some variations provide a low-adhesion coating comprising a continuous matrix containing a first component, a plurality of inclusions containing a second component, and a solid-state lubricant distributed within the coating, wherein one of the first component or the second component is a low-surface-energy polymer, and the other of the first component or the second component is a hygroscopic material. The solid-state lubricant may be selected from graphite, graphene, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, hexagonal boron nitride, or poly(tetrafluoroethylene) or other fluoropolymers. The solid-state lubricant particles may be coated with a metal selected from cadmium, lead, tin, zinc, copper, nickel, or alloys containing one or more of these metals. The solid-state lubricant is typically characterized by an average particle size from about 0.1 m to about 500 m. The solid-state lubricant is preferably distributed throughout the coating.

Some variations provide a low-adhesion coating comprising a continuous matrix containing a first component, a plurality of inclusions containing a second component, and a solid-state lubricant distributed within the coating, wherein one of the first component or the second component is a low-surface-energy polymer, and the other of the first component or the second component is a hygroscopic material. The solid-state lubricant may be selected from graphite, graphene, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, hexagonal boron nitride, or poly(tetrafluoroethylene) or other fluoropolymers. The solid-state lubricant particles may be coated with a metal selected from cadmium, lead, tin, zinc, copper, nickel, or alloys containing one or more of these metals. The solid-state lubricant is typically characterized by an average particle size from about 0.1 m to about 500 m. The solid-state lubricant is preferably distributed throughout the coating.