Disclosed is a lubricating engine oil composition for use in down-sized boosted engines comprising a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one silane-containing compound. Also disclosed is a method for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in a direct injected, boosted, spark ignited internal combustion engine, and the use of at least one silane-containing compound in a lubricating engine oil composition for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in a direct injected, boosted, spark ignited internal combustion engine.

Disclosed is a lubricating engine oil composition for use in down-sized boosted engines comprising a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one silane-containing compound. Also disclosed is a method for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in a direct injected, boosted, spark ignited internal combustion engine, and the use of at least one silane-containing compound in a lubricating engine oil composition for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in a direct injected, boosted, spark ignited internal combustion engine.

Disclosed is a lubricating engine oil composition for a direct injected, boosted, spark ignited internal combustion engine comprising from about 25 to about 3000 ppm of metal from at least one manganese-containing compound, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil. Also disclosed is a method for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with said lubricating engine oil composition.

Disclosed is a lubricating engine oil composition for a direct injected, boosted, spark ignited internal combustion engine comprising from about 25 to about 3000 ppm of metal from at least one manganese-containing compound, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil. Also disclosed is a method for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with said lubricating engine oil composition.

The present invention relates to an aqueous composition with enhanced stability for hard surface applications containing at least one lipophilic compound and at least one copolymer, in which the at least one copolymer is a comb-type branched copolymer exhibiting an alternating sequence of monomeric units (a) having at least one hydrophilic group and monomeric units (b) having at least one lipophilic side chain. Moreover, a method for producing said composition as well as the use of the composition is concerned.

The present invention relates to an aqueous composition with enhanced stability for hard surface applications containing at least one lipophilic compound and at least one copolymer, in which the at least one copolymer is a comb-type branched copolymer exhibiting an alternating sequence of monomeric units (a) having at least one hydrophilic group and monomeric units (b) having at least one lipophilic side chain. Moreover, a method for producing said composition as well as the use of the composition is concerned.

This application relates to copolymer compositions and copolymerization processes, as well as to lubricating oil compositions comprising such copolymer compositions as viscosity index improvers, and base oil. The copolymer compositions may be made using two different metallocene catalysts: one capable of producing high molecular weight copolymers; and one suitable for producing lower molecular weight copolymers having at least a portion of vinyl terminations, and the copolymer compositions produced thereby. Copolymer compositions may comprise (1) a first ethylene copolymer fraction having high molecular weight, exhibiting branching topology, and having relatively lower ethylene content (based on the weight of the first ethylene copolymer fraction); and (2) a second ethylene copolymer fraction having low molecular weight, exhibiting linear rheology, and having relatively higher ethylene content (based on the weight of the second ethylene copolymer fraction). Lubricating oil compositions comprising such copolymer compositions may exhibit superior viscosity properties.

This application relates to copolymer compositions and copolymerization processes. The processes may use two different metallocene catalysts: one capable of producing high molecular weight copolymers; and one suitable for producing lower molecular weight copolymers having at least a portion of vinyl terminations, and the copolymer compositions produced thereby. Copolymer compositions may comprise (1) a first ethylene copolymer fraction having high molecular weight, exhibiting branching topology, and having relatively lower ethylene content (based on the weight of the first ethylene copolymer fraction); and (2) a second ethylene copolymer fraction having low molecular weight, exhibiting linear rheology, and having relatively higher ethylene content (based on the weight of the second ethylene copolymer fraction). It is believed that the unique combination of these properties provides a copolymer composition with advantageous viscosity modifying properties, such as an excellent combination of shear thinning and fuel economy, as well as high thickening efficiency.

Provided are a lubricating oil composition for shock absorber, containing a base oil and a comb polymer having a mass average molecular weight of 510.sup.4 or more and 110.sup.6 or less, which has a high viscosity index and provides a shock absorber capable of keeping a damping force thereof substantially constant at any temperature and exhibiting excellent damping force characteristics; a method of producing the lubricating oil composition for shock absorber; a damping method; and a shock absorber.

Provided are a lubricating oil composition for shock absorber, containing a base oil and a comb polymer having a mass average molecular weight of 510.sup.4 or more and 110.sup.6 or less, which has a high viscosity index and provides a shock absorber capable of keeping a damping force thereof substantially constant at any temperature and exhibiting excellent damping force characteristics; a method of producing the lubricating oil composition for shock absorber; a damping method; and a shock absorber.